AP lang 2 Flashcards
Foreshadowing definition
when an author gives hints about what will occur later in a story
foreshadowing example
A pair of star-crossed lovers… Doth with their death bury their parents’ strife” signifies that romeo and juliet will die
foreshadowing impact
can be used to build suspense and tension, aswell as increase readers engagement
genre definition
The major category into which a literary work fits is The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. However, genres can be subdivided as well
gothic definition
writing characterized by gloom, mystery, frear, and/or death. also refers to an architectural stel of the middle ages
gothic example
Frankenstein, Dracula
imagery definition
word or words that create a picture in the reader’s mind. Usually involved the five senses and figures of speech
imagery examples
the socks smelt so bad that they were green with flies hovering around
imagery impact
deepen the comprehension of what is happening, and add symbolism
invective definition
a long, emotionally violent attack using strong, abusive language.
invective example
and i hope that you die and your death’ll come soon.
invective impact
to attack, belittle, or frighten an opponent
irony definition
when the opposite of what you expect to happen does.
verbal irony definition
when you say something and mean the opposite/something different.
verbal irony example
if your gym teacher wants you to run a mile in eight minutes or faster but calls ita “walk in the park:”
verbal irony impact
to emphasize a point, express humor, or level a sharp criticism
dramatic irony defintion
when the audience knows something that the character doesnt
dramatic irony example
we know who the killer of scream is, and we know where he hides, but the character does not
dramatic irony impact
engage the reader with the story
situational irony definition
outcome of situation is the opposite of what was expected
situational irony example
the kid tried to sneak in the movies for an hour and missed over half of it, but then the worker said the movie was free.
situational irony impact
create a surprise, and engage the reader by making them question the narrative.
juxtaposition definition
lacing things side by side for the purposes of comparison. Authors often use juxtaposition of ideas or examples in order to make a point.
juxtaposition example
author uses this by placing a protagonists happy memories against the backdrop of her current struggles
juxtaposition impact
prove emotional depth and understand thematic elements
mood definition
The atmosphere created by the literature and accomplished through word choice (diction). Syntax is often a creator of mood since word order, sentence length and strength and complexity also affect pacing and therefore mood. Setting, tone, and events can all affect the mood.
motif definition
recurring element or theme to develop the message
motif example
to kill a mocking bird, you never really understand another person until you consider things from his or her point of view
motif impact
deeper insight into characters and plot
oxymoron definition
2 contradictory terms are combined to create a unique expression
oxymoron example
jumbo shrimp
oxymoron impact
provoke thought and complexity
pacing definition
speed or tempo of authors writing
pacing example
fast pacing during a climatic battle creates sense of urgency
pacing impact
build tension and help readers experience more emotions of the narrator
paradox definition
seemingly contradictory situation which is actually true
paradox example
you cant get a job without experience, and you cant get experience without getting a job
paradox impact
readers persceptions are challenged and provoke deeper inquiry into themes and characters
parallelism definition
rhetorical device that involves using similar structures in related phrases or clauses to create clarity/rythym
parallelism example
to laugh, to love, to live
parallelism impact
create coherence and emphasize key themes
anaphoria definition
repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences
anaphoria example
i came, i saw, i conquered
anaphoria impact
show strong emotional responses
chiasmus definition
when the same words are used twince in succession, but the 2nd time, words are reversed
chiasmus example
fair is foul and foul is fair
chiasmus impact
enhance language and make statements more striking, engages readers attention
antithesis definition
two opposite contracting words/phrases
antithesis example
it was the best of times, it was the worst of times
antithesis impact
complexity in themes and characters, deeper meaning and perspectives
zeugma definition
when a single word governs or modifies two or more other words.
zeugma example
i quickly dressed myself and the salad
zeugma impact
stylistic flair, creating connection between 2 diff ideas
parenthetical idea definition
Parentheses are used to set off an idea from the rest of the sentence. It is almost considered an aside…a whisper, and should be used sparingly for effect, rather than repeatedly. Parentheses can also be used to set off dates and numbers.
parenthetical idea example
In a short time (and the time is getting shorter by the gallon) America will be out of oil.”
parenthetical idea impact
add additional info without disrupting the flow of the narrative
parody definition
An exaggerated imitation of a serious work for humorous purposes. It borrows words or phrases from an original, and pokes fun at it. This is also a form of allusion, since it is referencing a previous text, event, etc. The Simpsons often parody Shakespeare plays. Saturday Night Live also parodies famous persons and events. Do not confuse with satire.
parody example
parody of a classic film, includes exaggerated characters/scenarios
persona definition
the fictional mask or narrator that tells a story, do not confuse with alter-ego
