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Bio Vocab > Ap Human Geography Unit 1 > Flashcards

Ap Human Geography Unit 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Abiotic

A

Composed of non living or inorganic matter

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2
Q

Acculturation

A

The process by which a groups cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant group

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3
Q

Atmosphere

A

The thin layer of gases surrounding earth

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4
Q

Behavioral geography

A

The study of the physiological basis for individual human actions in space

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5
Q

Biosphere

A

All living organisms on earth, including plants and animals, as well as microorganisms

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6
Q

Biotic

A

Composed of living organisms

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7
Q

Cartography

A

The science of making maps

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8
Q

Citizen science

A

Scientific research by amateur scientists

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9
Q

Climate

A

The long-term average weather conditions at a particular location

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10
Q

Concentration

A

The spread of something over a given area

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11
Q

Connection

A

The relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

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12
Q

Conservation

A

The sustainable management of a natural resource

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13
Q

Contagious diffusion

A

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

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14
Q

Cultural ecology

A

A geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment- relationships

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15
Q

Cultural landscape

A

And approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area

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16
Q

Culture

A

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group’s distinct tradition

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17
Q

Density

A

The frequency with With something exists within a given unit of area

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18
Q

Diffusion

A

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

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19
Q

Distance decay

A

The diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

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20
Q

Distribution

A

The arrangement of something across earths surface

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21
Q

Ecology

A

The scientific study of ecosystems

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22
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of living organisms and their abiotic spheres with which they interact

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23
Q

Environmental determinism

A

A belief that the physical environment causes social development

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24
Q

Expansion diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process

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25
Q

Formal region or uniform region

A

An area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics

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26
Q

Functional region or nodal region

A

An area organized around a node or focal point

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27
Q

Geographic information science (GIScience)

A

The development and analysis of data about earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies

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28
Q

Geographic Information System (GIS)

A

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data

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29
Q

Geotagging

A

Identification and storage of a piece of information by its precise latitude and longitude coordinates

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30
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers

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31
Q

Globalization

A

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

32
Q

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

A

The time in the zone encompassing the primary in, or 0° longitude

33
Q

Hearth

A

The region from which innovative ideas originate

34
Q

Hierarchical diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places

35
Q

Humanistic geography

A

The study of different ways that individuals form ideas about place and gives those places symbolic meanings

36
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All of the water on and near Earth’s surface

37
Q

International date line

A

An arc that for the most part follows 180° longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When the international date line is crossed heading east (toward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. When it is crossed heading west (toward Asia), the calendar moves ahead one day

38
Q

Latitude

A

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator (0°)

39
Q

Lithosphere

A

Earth’s crust and a portion of the upper mantle directly below the crust

40
Q

Location

A

The position of anything on earth’s surface

41
Q

Longitude

A

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0°)

42
Q

Map

A

A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth’s surface or a portion of it

43
Q

Map scale

A

The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface

44
Q

Mashup

A

A map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service

45
Q

Mental map

A

A representation of a portion of earths surface based on what an individual knows about a place that contains personal impressions of what is in the place and where the place is located

46
Q

Meridian

A

And arc drawn on a map between the north and south poles

47
Q

Network

A

A chain of communication that connects places

48
Q

Nonrenewable resource

A

Something produced in nature more slowly than it is consumed by humans

49
Q

Parallel

A

A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians

50
Q

Participatory GIS (PGIS)

A

Community-based mapping, representing local knowledge and information

51
Q

Pattern

A

The Geometric or regular arrangement of something in a particular area

52
Q

Place

A

A specific point on earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic

53
Q

Polder

A

Land that the dutch have created by draining water from an area

54
Q

Possibilism

A

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

55
Q

Poststructuralist geography

A

The study of space as the product of ideologies or value systems of ruling elites

56
Q

Preservation

A

The maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible

57
Q

Prime meridian

A

The Meridian, designated as 0° longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England

58
Q

Projection

A

A system used to transfer locations from earths surface to a flat map

59
Q

Region

A

And area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features

60
Q

Relocation diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

61
Q

Remote sensing

A

The acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods

62
Q

Renewable resource

A

Something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans

63
Q

Resource

A

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

64
Q

Scale

A

Generally, the relationship between the portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole

65
Q

Site

A

The physical character of a place

66
Q

Situation

A

The location of a place relative to another place

67
Q

Space

A

The physical gap or interval between two objects

68
Q

Space-time compression

A

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

69
Q

Spatial association

A

The relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature

70
Q

Stimulus diffusion

A

The spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected

71
Q

Sustainability

A

The use of earths renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future

72
Q

Syncretism

A

The combining of elements of two groups into and new cultural feature

73
Q

Toponym

A

The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface

74
Q

Transnational corporation

A

A company that Conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where it’s headquarters or shareholders are located

75
Q

Uneven development

A

The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions is a result of the globalization of the economy

76
Q

Vernacular region (or perceptual region)

A

An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

77
Q

Volunteered geographic information (VGI)

A

Creation and dissemination of geographic data contributed voluntarily and for free by individuals

Bio Vocab (9 decks)

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