10.2

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

Threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information; in eukaryotes, chromosomes are found in the nucleus, in prokaryotes, they are found in the cytoplasm

Question 2

Chromatin

Answer 2

Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consist of DNA tightly coiled around histones

Question 3

Cell cycle

Answer 3

Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells

Question 4

Interphase

Answer 4

Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions

Question 5

Mitosis

Answer 5

Part of a eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides

Question 6

Cytokines

Answer 6

Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells

Question 7

Prophase

Answer 7

First and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible

Question 8

Centromere

Answer 8

Region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids attach

Question 9

Chromatid

Answer 9

One of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome

Question 10

Centriole

Answer 10

Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division

Question 11

Metaphase

Answer 11

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Question 12

Anaphase

Answer 12

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 13

Telophase

Answer 13

Phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin