AP Human Geography Final Flashcards
What problems do low birth rates cause?
Low growth rates cause a higher dependency ratio when there are more elderly and kids than there are adults. Less people of working age- puts a strain on social security and less people to work jobs could cause an economic collapse.
Why may stages of the DTM not apply to today’s developing countries?
Because they’ve received foreign aid from MDCs to help with diseases that have to do with overpopulation.
How does European colonization affect LDCs?
The Europeans drew country borders without any regard to tribal politics. They also spread their languages (Particularly French and English) to North Africa along with their culture. The colonization of India also helped them to begin to move beyond the caste system and bring equality for everyone.
What factors affect movement along the DTM?
Innovation/competition, type of government and economy, type of trade approach (internal or international?), foreign aid, tribal relations, foreign affairs (good or bad standing with other countries?, wars, territorial disputes, etc.
What are the characteristics that distinguish refugees from migrants?
Refugees’ are fleeing imminent war, extreme poverty, and have no place in their country where they’re safe. Refugees are forced to migrate, often due to the reasons already listed as well as persecution. Migrants’ lives aren’t in immediate danger and are only admitted into another country if they posses special skills or have family already there. Even then, migrants have to compete with other migrants from other countries for admissions and most governments have a limit on how many migrants they allow in per country.
List and explain the problems high population growth rates are causing in the world today.
High population growth causes overcrowding and puts a strain on resources and may cause a higher dependency ratio (too many kids compared to adults).
What are some situations that might create international refugees? Describe situations that have created a refugee crisis in Africa and other parts of the world
War and terrorism (ex:ISIS); persecution due to religion, political beliefs, race, gender,etc ; extreme drought that causes famine (Sahel region of Northern Africa); flooding; generalized violence
What are push and pull factors that make people migrate?
Many political factors such as slavery forces people to move from their home country. There are also many political pull factors that might cause a person to move to a certain country, such as free healthcare. Environmental factors, such as “good” weather might make someone want to move there. Environmental factors such as extreme drought or flooding might make a person move from a country.
What are Ravenstein’s Laws of migration and how do they apply to real world examples of migration?
Ravenstein noted that males are more likely to migrate long distances than females and that more long distance migrants are adult individuals rather than families with children. These laws aren’t holding up to the test of time- nowadays in the US about half illegal immigrants from Mexico are women and many are children. However, many migrants from the Middle East and India are men and their families usually follow later after they have found work.
What are the major components that make up the definition of language as spoken by humans?
Language is a system of communication through speech, a collection of sounds a group of people understand to have the same meaning. Many languages have a written component
What is a standard language?
In a language with multiple dialects (dialect means word choice), there is often one dialect that is widely established and most widely recognized amongst speakers. Those who speak this dialect are often referred to as having an “accent-less accent”. Ex: RP (The Queen’s English).
How does the text[book] explain a dialect and an isogloss?
An isogloss is an imaginary line that is either separating two different dialects or languages. A dialect is what is said or how it’s spelled (ex: color vs colour, y’all vs you guys).
What are the origins of English?
English began in the British Isles when it was inhabited by Celts and was invaded by Germanic tribes (the Jutes, Angles, and the Saxons). Other invades such as the Vikings from Norway and the Normans from Northern France brought their languages to the British Isles and all these languages intermixed to form English.
Why is English so dominant around the world today?
Because England colonized so many different places throughout the world, they spread English with them and the locals eventually assimilated and learned English so they could participate fully in the economy. Because of this, English has become the Lingua Franca.
What does the study of toponyms reveal about past and current cultures of a place? What can we learn from place names?
Many immigrants, such as the Roman Catholics, give their new settlements religious toponyms, such as their settlements in Quebec and the Southwestern US (ex: st.louis) A place is also commonly given the name of its founder. Other places’s toponyms are connected to ancient history (ex: athens or rome). Through toponyms, we can learn the religion, founder, and origin of a place’s original settlers.
What are some different rituals that can be found in various religions?
Hindus participate in a pilgrimage to holy riverbanks such as the Ganges. Muslims make a pilgrimage to Mecca and praying 5 times a day towards Mecca. Fasting is a ritual in many different religions.
