AP Human Geo Unit 2 Flashcards
What is:
Population Distribution
(The pattern of what?)
The pattern of where people live
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What is:
Arithmetic Density
(Per unit)
The number of people per unit land area
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What is:
Physiological Density
(supported, unit area, arable, land)
The number of people supported by a unit area of arable land
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What is:
Agricultural Density
(Farmers)
Ratio of the number of farmers to amount of arable land
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What is an:
Ecumene
(Permanently settle)
Areas where humans permanently settle is called
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What is a:
Population Pyramid
The visual display of a country’s distinctive population structure
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What is:
Sex ratio
(x males, 100 females)
The number of males per 100 females in the population
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What is:
Dependency Ratio
(Too young/old : Working)
The number of people who are too young or too old to work, compared to the number of people in their productive (working) years
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What is the:
Crude Birth Rate
(Birth : 1000)
The total number of live birth in a year for every 1000 people alive in society
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What is the:
Crude Death Rate
(Death : 1000)
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in society
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What is the:
Natural Increase Rate
(The … by which a … grows in a …)
The percentage by which a population grows in a year
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What is the:
Doubling time
(…assuming constant rate of natural increase)
The number of years needed to double the population, assuming constant rate of natural increase
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What is the:
Total Fertility Rate
(Average number)
The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years (15-49)
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What is the:
Infant Mortality rate
(Infant deaths, compared with total live births)
The rate that’s defined as the annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births
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What is the:
Demographic Transition Model
A model consisting of four stages that helps to explain the rising and falling of natural increase over time in a country
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What is the:
Epidemiological Transition Model
(Most common cause of deaths)
The most common cause of deaths found in ech stage of the Demographic Transition Model
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What is the:
Malthus Theory
(food)
A theory that claims that the population was growing faster than the increase in food supply leading to mass starvation
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What’s a:
Neo-Malthusian
(Neo=New, carrying capacity)
People who believe that the population will outgrow the carrying capacity today
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What is:
Carrying Capacity
(of the species, sustain indefinitely)
The maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available in the environment
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What is the:
Pronatalist Policy
(Encourages couples to what?)
A policy that encourages couples to have more children
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What is the:
Antinatalist Policy
(Reduce what?)
A policy that attempts to reduce birth rates
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What are:
Quota Laws
(Maximum number of people who could…?)
Maximum number of people who could immigrate to the United Staes during a one-year period
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What is:
Migration
A permanent move to a new location
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What is:
Emigration
Moving from a location
What is:
Immigration
Moving to a location
What is a:
Push Factor
(Out)
Induce people to move out of their present location
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What is a:
Pull Factor
(Induce, in)
Induce people to move into a new location
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What is a:
Intervening obstacle
Negative features or circumstances that hinder/prevent migration
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What is:
Voluntary Migration
(By choice)
Permenant move from one place to another by choice
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What is:
Forced Migration
(Little choice)
Permanent move from one place to another with little choice in the matter
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What is:
International
(Permanent, think of migration)
Permanent move from one country to another
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What is:
Internal
(Permanent, within, country)
Permanent move within a country
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What is:
Internal Interregional
(One region to another, i.e. rural to urban)
Movement from one region to another. i.e. rural to urban
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What is
Internal Intraregional
(Within a region)
Movement within a region. i.e. central city to a newer suburban center
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What is:
Transnational
(what’s migration?)
Permanent movement from one country to another. Some examples would be the waves of migration from Europe, Asia, and Latin America to the US
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What is:
Transhumance
(Mountains+summer, pastures+winter)
The seasonal migration/moving of livestock between mountains (in summer) and lowland pastures (in winter)
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What is a:
Chain
(Relatives previously, people)
Migration of people to a specific location because relatives/members of the same nationality previously migrated there.
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What are:
Steps
(migration…a final destination)
Migration that follows a path of a series of stages or steps towards a final destination. (An example would be a move from a farm to nearby village to town to city)
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What is a:
Guest Worker
(In search of higher paying jobs)
A term once used for a worker who migrated to the developing countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher paying jobs
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….
Rural to Urban
(Agriculture to factories)
Often found in stage 2 of the demographic transition. As counties develop, less people are needed to work in agriculture. Many people are attracted to new industrializing cities where they can find jobs in manufacturing (factories)
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What is:
Slavery
(detaining a human by…?)
The process of detaining a human aganist their will or by threat of violence.
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Who are:
Refugees
(forced migration, potential threat)
Someone who has been forced to migrate to avoid a potential threat to his/her life, and they can not return for fear of persecution
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Who are:
Internally displaced persons
(Not migrated across an international…?)
People similar to a refugee, but has not migrated across an international border.
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What’s an:
Asylum Seeker
(being recognized as a refugee)
Someone who has migrated to another country in hope of being recognized as a refugee
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