AP Gov Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Amendment Process

A

the process of altering or amending a law or document by parliamentary or constitutional procedure

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2
Q

Bills of Attainder

A

is an act of a legislature declaring a person, or group of people, guilty of some crime and punishing them often without a trial

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3
Q

Block Grants

A

a grant-in-aid of a specified amount from a larger government to a smaller regional government body

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4
Q

Categorical Grants

A

are grants issued by the United States congress which may be spent only for narrowing defined purposes

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5
Q

Checks and Balances

A

counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individual groups

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6
Q

Commerce Clause

A

an enumerated power listed in the United States constitution

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7
Q

Concurrent

A

powers which are shared by both the federal government and the state government

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8
Q

Connecticut (Great) Compromise

A
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9
Q

Delegated Powers

A
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10
Q

Delegations of Authority

A
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11
Q

Denied Powers

A
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12
Q

Devolution

A
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13
Q

Dual Federalism

A
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14
Q

Electoral College

A
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15
Q

Elite Democracy

A

The theory posits that a small minority, consisting of members of the economic elite and policy-planning networks, holds the most power—and that this power is independent of democratic elections.

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16
Q

Enumerated

A

mention (a number of things) one by one.

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17
Q

Ex Post Facto

A

having retroactive effect or force.

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18
Q

Executive Powers

A

The executive is the part of government that enforces law, and has responsibility for the governance of a state.

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19
Q

Expressed

A

past tense: expressed; past participle: expressed

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20
Q

Extradition

A

the action of extraditing a person accused or convicted of a crime.

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21
Q

Fiscal Federalism

A

Fiscal federalism refers to how federal, state, and local governments share funding and administrative responsibilities within our federal system. The funding for these programs comes from taxes and fees.

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22
Q

Formula Grants

A
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23
Q

Full Faith and Credit

A
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24
Q

Grassroots

A
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25
Gridlock
26
Horizontal Federalism
27
Hyper-Pluralism
28
Impeachment and Removal
29
Implied Powers
30
Importation of Slaves Compromise
31
Inalienable Rights
32
Incorporated Powers (via Courts)
33
Interstate Powers
Clause that gives the congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations
34
Intrastate Powers
existing or occurring within a state
35
Judicial Powers
Authority granted to courts and judges by the constitution and other laws to interpret and decide.
36
Layer-Cake Federalism
political arrangement in which power is divided between the federal and state government in clearly defined terms.
37
Legislative Powers
The authority of a branch of government that is charged with making and enacting laws.
38
Limited Government
A governing body whose power exists within the limits that are set by a constitution
39
Linkage Institutions
40
Majority Power
41
Mandates: Funded
42
Mandates: Unfunded
43
Marble-Cake Federalism
44
Minority Protections
45
Mischiefs of Factions
46
Nationalists vs Localists
47
Natural Rights
48
Necessary & Proper / Elastic Clause
49
New Jersey (Paterson) Plan
50
Participatory Democracy
is a model of democracy in which citizens are provided power to make political decisions
51
Pluralist Democracy
a political system where there is more than one center of power, power is dispersed.
52
Popular Sovereignty
The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government.
53
Privileges and Immunities
prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner.
54
Republicanism
A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people.
55
Reserved Rights
is a statement that an individual, company, or other organization is intentionally retaining full legal rights to warn others of those rights.
56
Revenue-Sharing
57
Separation of Powers
58
Shay's Rebellion
59
Social Contract
60
Supremacy Clause
61
The Articles of Confederation
the original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US Constitution in 1789.
62
The Philadelphia Convention
A constitutional convention that took place in Philadelphia between May 25 to September 17, 1787 to revise the league of states.
63
Three-Fifths Compromise
a compromise stating that 3 out of 5 slaves would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives.
64
Vertical Federalism
when the federal government checks the actions (or inactions) of a state or states and vice versa in vertical manner with central government being on the top and so forth.
65
Virginia (Madison) Plan
66
Writs of Habeas Corpus
67
Pluralist Theory