AP Gov Buzzwords - Unit Two

Question 1

inalienable rights

Answer 1

Life, Libery Pursuit of happiness/Property

Question 2

Articles of Confederation

Answer 2

Original framework for the United States National Government. The inabliity to raise reveneu was it’s biggest downfall

Question 3

Shay’s rebellion

Answer 3

Farmers rebellion in 1786-1787 led by Daniel Shay. Rebels were upset over post-war depression caused finnancial diffculties and the lack of a hard currency.

Question 4

The Federalist Papers

Answer 4

Series of Pro-Ratifcation papers circualted through the colonies.

Question 5

Virginia Plan

Answer 5

1. Bicameral Legislature 2. Population-weighted representation 3. Three branches of goverment 4. Members of one chamber would be elected by the people; the others chosen by state-legislatures

Question 6

New Jersy Plan

Answer 6

1. Unicameral Legislature. 2. 1 vote per state 3. Amend the Articles 4. Congress elects executive

Question 7

Great Compromise

Answer 7

1. Bicameral Legislature (same as today lol) 2. Minimum age for senators was established

Question 8

judicial review

Answer 8

Supreme court overseees the legislative and execuitve branches.

Question 9

federalism

Answer 9

Power is shared between the nationaional government and the states

Question 10

separation of powers

Answer 10

Montesque. Specific delelgation of powers to THREE sepereate branches of government

Question 11

checks and balances

Answer 11

Powers provided in the constituition to certain branches of the goverment which allow them to oversee certain aspects of the others. IE impeachment

Question 12

limited government

Answer 12

Emphasis on local governemnt and free market in order to give citzens more control

Question 13

ratification

Answer 13

Approval of the constituition

Question 14

Federalists

Answer 14

National bank, tariffs, good relationship with britain. Pro constituition. Controlled the goverment until 1801

Question 15

Anti-federalists

Answer 15

Opposed strong central government and by extension the constituituion. Feared the president would turn into a monarch

Question 16

habeaus corpus

Answer 16

A egal action to relief citzens from unlawful imprisonment

Question 17

ex post facto

Answer 17

Retroactively changing the effect of law. IE if a law is repealed it no longer applies to all past uses of it.

Question 18

bill of attainder

Answer 18

Declares someone guilty of a crime without a trial by jury

Question 19

Bill of Rights

Answer 19

Derp. A bill containing all rights. I ain’t gonna list em all here

Question 20

amendment

Answer 20

Only way to change the constituition

Question 21

veto

Answer 21

President’s rejection of a bill. Can be overrided with a supermajority

Question 22

line item veto

Answer 22

All governeors have this. President’s have tried to obtain this ability. Clinton did but it was ruled unconstituitional. Does what it sounds like

Question 23

sovereignty

Answer 23

Full power to govern themselves without interfeerence from others

Question 24

unitary system

Answer 24

A single central power controls the country

Question 25

necessary and proper clause

Answer 25

Allows congress to enact legislation they deem necassary in areas not specfically mentioned in the constiuition

Question 26

nullification

Answer 26

Theory that says states have the right to “ignore” federal laws which they deem unconstiuitional. It is rejected by the Supreme Court

Question 27

dual federalism

Answer 27

Power is divided between national and state governments

Question 28

cooperative federalism

Answer 28

Power is shared between local, state, and national government

Question 29

grants-in-aid

Answer 29

Money from the central government for a SPECIFIC project which is publiclly funded but independent

Question 30

categorical grants

Answer 30

Grants are for a specific project. Mainly fund local/state governments

Question 31

block grants

Answer 31

No restrictions on how the money is spent

Question 32

revenue sharing

Answer 32

When the US, between 1972 and 1986, directly shared federal tax revenue with lesser levels of governent

Question 33

mandates

Answer 33

Order of inuncton or an obligation handed down by an inter-governemental body

Question 34

McCulloch v. maryland

Answer 34

No taxing the national bank. Congress can esatblish a national bank

Question 35

Gibbons v. Ogden

Answer 35

Invoked the supremacy clause and defined commerce to include intercoastal waterways.

Question 36

Chisholm v. Georgia

Answer 36

State conduct is subject to judicial review. Supreme power is retained by citzens not the state.