AP Euro Age of Exploration

Question 1

Two reasons why Europeans explored

Answer 1

God and Glory

Question 2

Which Catholic countries were interested in commerce and spreading beliefs?

Answer 2

Portugal, Spain, and France

Question 3

Which Protestant countries were interested in commerce only?

Answer 3

The Netherlands and England

Question 4

Marco Polo

Answer 4

Venetian merchant who published an account of his travels throughout Asia in the late 13th century, and it gave medieval Europeans their most detailed information about the region

Question 5

What were Europeans hoping to discover?

Answer 5

An all-water route connecting Europe and Asia

Question 6

Mercantilism

Answer 6

Measurement of the wealth of a country by how much gold and silver it accumulated through trade

Question 7

Favorable balance of trade

Answer 7

Means that a country exports more than it imports

Question 8

Portolani

Answer 8

Detailed charts developed in the 13th and 14th centuries

Question 9

Prince Henry the Navigator

Answer 9

Portuguese leader who established a school for navigators in Portugal

Question 10

Bartholomeu Dias

Answer 10

First European to sail around the Cape of Good Hope, but was turned back because of his crew

Question 11

Vasco da Gama

Answer 11

Rounded the Cape 10 years after Dias, and then he sailed to India by crossing the Indian Ocean

Question 12

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 12

Treaty in which Spain and Portugal agreed to establish separate spheres of colonial influence

Question 13

Pedro Alvares Cabral

Answer 13

Claimed Brazil as a colony for Portugal in 1500

Question 14

Columbus

Answer 14

Went to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella in order to fund his trip to the New World

Question 15

Amerigo Vespucci

Answer 15

Italian explorer who traveled to South America and was the first to refer to the area as the New World, and the Americas were named after him

Question 16

Hernan Cortes

Answer 16

Spanish conquistador who first reached the Gulf of Mexico in 1519 and he conquered the Aztec Empire

Question 17

Mexico City

Answer 17

Built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital

Question 18

Bartolme de las Casas

Answer 18

Spanish Dominican missionary who insisted the encomienda system and forced labor were wrong

Question 19

Encomeinda system

Answer 19

System that forced the indigenous people to work for the conquistadors

Question 20

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

Answer 20

Spanish explorer who crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513

Question 21

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 21

Conquistador who arrived in South America in 1530 and conquered the Incan Empire

Question 22

Ferdinand Magellan

Answer 22

Portugues explorer who led a crew and became the first to circumnavigate the globe, even though he died in the Philippines

Question 23

Colombian Exchange

Answer 23

The exchange of plants, animals, and germs between the Old World and the New World

Question 24

What went from the Americas to Europe in the Colombian Exchange

Answer 24

Tomatoes, potatoes, squash, corn, turkeys, llamas, alpacas, guinea pigs, syphilis, rubber, quinine

Question 25

What went from Europe to the Americas in the Colombian Exchange

Answer 25

Cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, cultivation of wheat, sugar, coffee, oranges, typhus, influenza, measles, smallpox, alphabet, gunpowder, weapons

Question 26

Dutch East India Company

Answer 26

Founded in 1602 and focused on Asian trade and established a strong presence in the Spice Islands

Question 27

Dutch West India Company

Answer 27

Created in 1621 and focused on the Americas and established the colony of New Amsterdam

Question 28

Giovanni de Verrazano

Answer 28

Italian navigator who sailed on behalf of France and explored the Atlantic coast from North Carolina to Newfoundland

Question 29

Jacques Cartier

Answer 29

First European to explore St. Lawerence Rive in Canada

Question 30

Samuel de Champlain

Answer 30

Founded Quebec in 1608

Question 31

John Cabot

Answer 31

Claimed Jamestown, parts of Canada, and was involved in the British East India Company

Question 32

Willem Schouten

Answer 32

Established the colony of New Amsterdam