AP Chemistry: Chemical Foundations Flashcards
Takes up space, has mass, exhibits inertia
Matter
The study of matter and energy and more importantly, the changes between them
Chemistry
Hypotheses that are assembled in an attempt at explaining “why” and “what” happened
Theory
Law of Conservation of Mass
Mass of reactants = mass of products
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only change forms
Convert 1 dm^3 to liters
1 L
Concert 1 cm^3 to mL
1 mL
Correctness; agreement of a measurement with the true value
Accuracy
Reproducibility; degree of agreement among several measurements
Precision
Equal probability of a measurement being high or low
Random or indeterminate error
Errors that occur in the same direction each time
Systematic or determinate errors
What is density?
Mass over volume
Name the state of matter:
Rigid; definite shape and volume
Solid
Name the state of matter:
Definite volume, but takes on the shape of the container
Liquid
Name the state of matter:
No definite volume and takes on the shape of the container
Gas
Name the state of matter:
Molecules close together vibrating about fixed points
Solid
Name the state of matter:
Molecules vibrate but also have rotational and translational motion and can slide past one another bit are still close
Liquid
Name the state of matter:
Molecules vibrate, rotate, and translate and are independent of each other; very far apart
Gas
The gas phase of a substance that is normally a solid or a liquid at room temperature
Vapor
Name the state of matter:
Virtually incompressible
Solid
Name the state of matter:
Slightly compressible
Liquid
Name the state of matter:
Highly compressible
Gas
That which can flow; gases and liquids
Fluid
Matter that can be physically separated
Mixtures
Mixtures that have visibly indistinguishable parts, solutions that include air
Homogeneous mixtures
Mixtures that have visibly distinguishable parts
Heterogeneous mixtures
Compounds and elements
Pure substances
Matter that can be separated by chemical means
Compounds
