AP BIO CH. 48-50 FR

Question 1

Reflex Question:

2 ways the reflex arc differs from typical stimulus response transmission pathways

Answer 1

1. Quicker response time

2. Involuntary/no conscious control/no brain processing

Question 2

Reflex Question:

Reasoning to support claim that reflex arcs help organisms avoid injury

Answer 2

Allows for quick response to threat (ex. touching a hot stove)

Question 3

Cephalization:

What is it and what is its adaptive significance in animal phyla

Answer 3

The concentration of the nervous system toward the anterior end of the organism. It began in flatworms. It allows for more efficient responses to stimulus because during movement sensory organs encounter the environment first.

Question 4

Cephalization:

Discuss how human nervous system function to produce response of external stimulus

Answer 4

Sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate (Sensory). Then the signal goes to the central nervous system processes the signal, allowing the brain to recognize it and make a decision (integration). The autonomic nervous system responds (ex. rise in blood pressure) (motor). This occurs via neuron structure and impulse pathways.