AOS_1

Question 1

define life expectancy

Answer 1

an indication of how long a person is expected to live

Question 2

the five factors of health?

Answer 2

physical, social, mental, emotional, spiritual

Question 3

physical health

Answer 3

• relates to the functioning of the body and its systems

- e.g. physical fitness, energy levels, body weight, blood cholesterol, blood pressure

Question 4

social health

Answer 4

• the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations
• e.g. supportive network of friends/family, productive relationships, effective communication

Question 5

emotional health

Answer 5

• the ability to recognise, understand and effectively manage and express emotions as well as the ability to display resilience
• e.g. recognise/express/manage emotions, experience appropriate emotions, resilience

Question 6

spiritual health

Answer 6

• relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the mind and conscience of human beings
• e.g. belonging, peace, purpose, values/beliefs, onnection

Question 7

define morbidity

Answer 7

refers to ill-health in an individual and the levels of ill-health in a population or group

Question 8

define mortality

Answer 8

refers to death, particularly at a population level

Question 9

years lost due to disability (YLD)

Answer 9

a measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability

Question 10

incidence

Answer 10

the number or rate of new cases of a disease/condition in a population during a given period

Question 11

health indicators

Answer 11

• self-assessed health status
• life expectancy
• mortality
• morbidity
• burden of disease
• rates of hospitalisation
• core activity limitation
• psychological distress

Question 12

health status

Answer 12

an individuals or population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors

Question 13

self-assessed health status

Answer 13

is based on an individual’s own perception of their health and wellbeing

Question 14

years of life lost (YLL)

Answer 14

a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death

Question 15

burden of disease

Answer 15

a concept that combines mortality data with morbidity data so that conditions that contribute differently to death and illness can be compared

Question 16

disability adjusted life years (DALY)

Answer 16

1 DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lives with illness, disease or injury

Question 17

rates of hospitalisation

Answer 17

occurs as a result of requiring medical care chronic conditions, treatment and emergency care

Question 18

core activity limitation

Answer 18

when an individual has difficulty, or requires assistance with any of the three core activities:
- self care
- mobility
- communication
different levels:
- profound, severe, moderate, mild

Question 19

psychological distress

Answer 19

relates to unpleasant feelings and emotions that have an impact on an individual’s level of functioning
- measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)

Question 20

prevalence

Answer 20

can be shown as the total number of cases of a disease or condition present in a population at a given time

Question 21

mental health

Answer 21

• refers to a person’s cognitive process

e. g. positive self-esteem, low levels of stress and anxiety, high levels of confidence, positive thought patterns

Question 22

sociocultural factors

Answer 22

determines an individual's or population's health and wellbeing
includes:
- family
- peer group
- employment
- education
- housing
- income
- access to health information

Question 23

family

Answer 23

• influence on young people’s behaviours and choices

- main provider fro resources (shelter, food, clothing)

Question 24

peer group

Answer 24

• very influential in making decisions

- youth often go to their peer groups for support and advice first

Question 25

employment

Answer 25

- young people learn general skills and it promotes health and wellbeing

Question 26

education

Answer 26

- linked with better health status - education promotes healthy behaviours and creates awareness - leads to better paid jobs

Question 27

housing

Answer 27

- effects their health status | e. g. water quality, kitchen facilities, overcrowding, housing safety

Question 28

income

Answer 28

- determines neighbourhood and school they attend | - high income equals access to more resources

Question 29

access to health information

Answer 29

- able to make informed decisions about their health and wellbeing

Question 30

aboriginal perspective on health and wellbeing

Answer 30

importance of culture - influences their reasons for using health services, the acceptance of treatment, likelihood they'll adhere to treatment connection to the land - fundamental - connection to the land explains their identity - when relationships is disrupted, ill health can occur

Question 31

perspective/priorities age: children, youth

Answer 31

``` children - healthy body - identify and control emotions youth - healthy body - relationships and peer acceptance ```

Question 32

perspective/priorities age: early adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood

Answer 32

``` early adulthood - fitness - relationships and intimacy - managing emotions middle adulthood - illness prevention late adulthood - illness prevention - family relationships ```

Question 33

perspective/priorities: culture

Answer 33

``` western culture: - professional medical practice and intervention asian: - eldest male family member - family wellbeing more important than individual's chinese - medicine focus on restoring harmony - body is interconnected ```

Question 34

perspective/priorities: religion

Answer 34

buddhism: - mental (clarity), physical, spiritual hinduism: - physical (alternative medicine), spiritual islam: - physical (healthy life), social (support), spiritual christianity: - physical (give from God), social (giving back), spiritual

Question 35

perspective/priorities: gender

Answer 35

males - focus more on physical h&w (playing sport) females - view all dimensions as important (diet, exercise, body image, positive mental state)

Question 36

perspective/priorities: socioeconomic status

Answer 36

``` lower: - h&w is not a priority - more likely to smoke - less likely to take preventative measures higher: - more likely to spend money on h&w ```

Question 37

what do young people value in terms of h&w?

Answer 37

- family and friendship relationships - physical exercise - maintaining a good diet - school and study satisfaction

Question 38

issues that are a concern for young people

Answer 38

- coping with tress, school and study problems (mental h&w) - body image (impact on mental h&w) - depression (rates have skyrocketed, due to awareness, less stigma or new technologies)

Question 39

social and emotional health and wellbeing (aboriginal)

Answer 39

- body - mind and emotions - family and kinship - spirit, spirituality, ancestors - country - culture - community