AOS2 - Compounds Of Carbon

Question 1

Alkanes

Answer 1

‌• HCs with only single bonds between C atoms

‌• General formula CnH2n+2

Question 2

Alkanoic acid

Answer 2

‌• Systematic name for for a carboxylic acid

‌• An organic compound that has the carboxy functional group attached to an alkane chain
e.g. CH3COOH

Question 3

Alkanol

Answer 3

‌• Systematic name for an alcohol

‌• An organic compound that has the hydroxy functional group attached to an alkane chain
e.g. Ethanol (CH3CH2OH)

Question 4

Alcohol

Answer 4

An organic compound containing the hydroxy functional group

e.g. Ethanol (CH3CH2OH)

Question 5

Alkenes

Answer 5

‌• HCs with one double bond between C atoms

‌• General formula CnH2n

Question 6

Alkyl group

Answer 6

‌• A group obtained by removing a H atom from an alkane
‌• General formula CnH2n+1
e.g. Methyl (CH3)

Question 7

Alkyne

Answer 7

‌• HC with one triple bond between C atoms

‌• General formula CnH2n-2

Question 8

Amine

Answer 8

An organic molecule containing the Amino (NH2) functional group.

Question 9

Amino acid

Answer 9

A molecule that contains both an amino group and a carboxy group.

Question 10

Arenes

Answer 10

Aromatic hydrocarbons (most commonly based on benzene rings)
e.g. Benzene

Question 11

Carboxylic acids

Answer 11

An organic molecule containing the carboxy functional group

e.g. Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH)

Question 12

Chloroalkanes

Answer 12

A molecule derived from an alkane, containing chloro (Cl2) functional group.

Question 13

Cyclic molecules

Answer 13

A ring-shaped molecule

Question 14

Functional group

Answer 14

Atoms/groups of atoms in an organic molecule that determine the molecule’s properties and reactions.

Question 15

Homologous series

Answer 15

Organic compounds with the same functional groups in which each member of the groups differs from the previous member by CH2.

Question 16

Polar bond

Answer 16

A covalent bond in which the electrons are not shared equally b/w the two.

Question 17

Saturated hydrocarbons

Answer 17

Alkanes

Question 18

Semi-structural formula

Answer 18

A formula that summarises the structural formula without giving the arrangement of atoms in space.

Question 19

Structural formula

Answer 19

A formula that represents the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule.

Question 20

Structural isomer

Answer 20

Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 21

Systemic name

Answer 21

The name of a molecule as determined by:
‌• A set of rules involving the number of carbon atoms
‌• The location and type of functional groups present.

Question 22

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Answer 22

‌• Alkenes

‌• Alkynes