AOS 2 SAC Revision Flashcards
Define the term ‘utilitarian’
a way of life that is only focused on survival
Define the term ‘non-utilitarian’
a way of life which explores spirituality and acts not necessary for survival
Qafseh cave in Israel
indicates that early modern humans had a sense of spirituality and sentiment. The burial site is deemed to be about 90,000 to 100,000 years old and the bones are covered in red ocre. intentional burial of 15 -> sacred rituals and spiritual beliefs
El castillo caves
150,000 years ago, basic shelter safety, complex system of caves, transition from surviving to living, place of gathering to celebrate life and art, images of animals
white- spirits
Years of pre-history
3 million to 50,000 BCE
The Ancient Era
50,000 century to 1st century
The Common Era
1st to 5th century
The Middle Ages
5th to 15th century
Evidence of pre-historic spirituality
b/f actions were just utilitarian
as humans advanced and developed evidence of spirituality grew (symbolic/spiritual) eg. burial sites, rock paintings and story telling
What aspects are identifiable at an ancient burial site?
rituals- practice
beliefs- respecting the deceased
symbols- artwork and colours
spaces- personal belongings
structures- elderly, tribal leaders are buried differently due to status
ancient non-utilitarian acts
caring for the elderly (social structure)
burying tribe members with goods (belief)
position of the body (symbolism)
capable of speech (not just for breathing)
Symbolic Revolution year and purpose
50,000- 40,000 BCE
explosion of technology and art
development of language
beyond literal = spiritual connection, ancestors, ethics and morals, taboo
Agricultural revolution
10,500- 9,500 BCE hunter-gather community become non-nomadic
The emergence of writing
writing =abstract thoughts being explored-> scripture recorded and concrete
explores ideas of ‘love’, ‘death’ and ‘life’
core of religion such as gospels recorded
3000 BCE sumerian empire first writing about religion
preserved sacred texts eg. King List
dev significant and others copied
cave paintings
evidence of spirituality
not for a practical purpose
symbolic thinking
concepts of time
beyond simple living
Blood Sacrifices
civilizations BS to appease the Gods, atonement, fortune
considered to be the highest most powerful as it takes the preciousness of a human life
eg. Ancient Phoenicians attain money and prosp
overtime become barbaric and opt for an ‘animal’
Genesis God refusal of Abraham’s son Isaac and wanting a ram/ animal
Explain why some ideas or a religious tradition in its entirety ceased to exist
ruling societies would adopt te faith of those they conquered as it was appealing
eg. the Romans adopted Christianity as their faith as they were comforted by the idea of an afterlife
polytheistic faiths becoming extinct
conquerors would give captures an ultimatum ‘convert or die’
Indigenous Australians forced to convert to Christianity resulting in loss of ancient traditions
Syncretism
is the formation of a religion from multiple diverse sources
Pluralism
where multiple cultures live in a society together
