Aos 1

Question 1

Measurements which use either direct observation or a device to measure Physical activity, can result in reactivity

Answer 1

Objective measures of physical activity

Question 2

Require a respondent to recall their physical activity they engaged in in the previous day, week, month or year.

Answer 2

Recall surveys

Question 3

Positives.
Can measure large populations.
Cheap.
Can cover all dimensions plus context.
Negatives.
Inaccuracies due to social desirability bias.
Not suitable for children or elderly.

Answer 3

Positives and negatives of recall surveys

Question 4

Participant documents their physical activity at the same point every day.

Answer 4

Diaries

Question 5

Positives.
Cheap.
Easy to use.
Provide detailed information on all dimensions plus context
Negatives not suitable for children and the elderly
Information can be unreliable due to social desirability bias and memory limitations

Answer 5

Positives and negatives of diaries

Question 6

A subject is observed in fitness or play settings. The observer notes aspects of their Physical activity behaviours.

Answer 6

Direct observation

Question 7

Positives.
Accurate measurement of all dimensions plus context
Good for children
Good in community and school settings.
Negatives.
Difficult for large populations
Requires a trained observer.
Time consuming
Can cause reactivity

Answer 7

Positives and negatives of direct observation

Question 8

Positives.
Cheap.
Easy to use
Non intrusive.
Easy to administer to large populations.
Reactivity can result in change in behaviours
Negatives.
Doesn’t measure frequency intensity or duration.
No context
No information on type of Physical activity other than walking.

Answer 8

Positives and negatives of pedometers

Question 9

Recall measures and surveys. Measures which rely on data being recalled or remembered by an individual. Can result in social desirability bias

Answer 9

Subjective measures of Physical activity

Question 10

Worn on the hip, measures body movement which correlates with energy expenditure and physical activity

Answer 10

Accelerometers

Question 11

60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily
Muscle and bone strengthening activities at least three times a week.
For additional health benefits adolescents should aim to complete more hours of physical activity.

Answer 11

National Physical activity guidelines for young people

Question 12

100 minutes of moderate physical activity a week. Or 75 minutes of vigorous Physical activity a week.
Any Physical activity is better than none. Start off doing a small amount and work your way up to reaching the guideline.
Muscle and bone strengthening activities twice a week.
Be active on most days a week, 5

Answer 12

National Physical activity guidelines for adults

Question 13

Break up long periods of sitting whenever possible.
No more than 2 hours use of technology for recreational purposes.
Minimise sedentary activity everyday

Answer 13

Sedentary guidelines for young people

Question 14

Minimise time spent sedentary

Break up long periods of sitting whenever possible

Answer 14

Sedentary guidelines for adults

Question 15

Population based and individual strategies. Strategies which aim to achieve biological/cognitive/ behavioural change in the individual

Answer 15

Promotion strategies for Physical activity

Question 16

Environmental: changing the physical environment to promote Physical activity
Policy: rules and regulations which aim to promote Physical activity in the population
Mass media: strategies that advertise the importance of Physical activity and motivate the population through, tv, radio, social media, billboards

Answer 16

Population based strategies

Question 17

Print and web based media: available to an individual from various places. Printed booklets are good for the elderly and non English speaker individuals. Not good in long term.
Counselling: promotes Physical activity tailored to the individuals physical and emotional readiness. Available from pt and gp. Consider individual needs and accessibility.

Answer 17

Individual strategies

Question 18

A multi faceted approach to changing Physical activity behaviour. The multiple levels of influence interact with each other. No single factor will influence change in an individual. The most effective strategies target all 4 levels of socio ecological model.

Answer 18

Socio-ecological model

Question 19

Attitudes, behaviour, knowledge.
Educational programs. To change the way the individual thinks about Physical activity.
Incentives.
Counselling.

Answer 19

Individual

Question 20

Family, work group, friends,
Providing social support.
Changing culture.

Answer 20

Social environment

Question 21

Parks, architecture, urban planning.
Installing showers.
Bike paths.
Facilities.

Answer 21

Environment

Question 22

Rules, regulations guidelines 
Gym subsidies
Walking meetings 
Smoke/alcohol free zones.
100 minutes of Pe a week.

Answer 22

Policy

Question 23

Monitor and promote Physical activity in the general population also provide education and funding.

Answer 23

State and government agencies

Question 24

Provide high quality health care.
Prevent disease through Physical activity
Implement Physical activity interventions
Investing in research.
Provide funding for Physical activity promotion.

Answer 24

Department of health and ageing (commonwealth)

Department of health (Victoria)

Question 25

Counts the number of steps taken in a day

Answer 25

Pedometers