Aortic Aneurysm

Question 1

Saccular
Only one side of the artery
Fusiform
Whole circumference of the arterial wall

Answer 1

Saccular
Cranial vasculature
Fusiform
Aortic arch

Question 2

True all layers of the arterial wall

False adventitia

Answer 2

True(abdominal aorta)

Form below the renal artery
Atherosclerosis
Risk factors
Family history
Smoking
Marfan syndrome
Mutation of fibrillin in the elastin tissue
Long thin extreme ties and impaired vision
Bicuspid aortic valve can cause aortic root dilation
Turner syndrome
XO

Age more than 60
Thrombus plaque

Question 3

T cells b cells and macrophages
T cells in thoracic aneurysms
Degradation of elastic lamina
Cystic medial degeneration

Answer 3

Degradation of extracellular matrix by metalloproteinases (seen in cystic medial degeneration)
Necrosis» accumulation of basophilic mucopolysaccharide as seen in CML

Question 4

AAAPalpable pulsatile abdominal muscle mass
Screening abdominal ultrasound should be performed on all men>65 w a history of smoking
Thoracic aortic aneurysm can lead to hoarse voice due to recurrent laryngeal nerve compression

Answer 4

Distal embolization of thrombus within aa can cause acute limb ischemia
Worst consequence
Rupture
Renal artery damage
Inc vessel radius Inc wall tension and hemodynamic stress
Severe hemorrhage
Hypovolemic shock

Question 5

Untreated aortic regurgitation leads to heart failure
Aortic aneurysm extend the proximally and block the coronary artery ostia(CHD)
Aneurysm can travel thru carotids and cause a stroke

Answer 5

Risk of rupture of aortic aneurysm Inc w diameter of the vessel(more radius more vessel wall tension) >6 cm

Question 6

Mycotic aneurysm
Bacterial infection of damaged portion ofvarterial wall
Giant cell arteritis
Syphilis
Destroys the Vasa vasorum
Cystic medial degeneration> aneurysm formation