AO2 theorists For Occupation

Question 1

What is accommodation theory?

Answer 1

Giles- converge and diverge depending on context to save positive face

Question 2

What did Fairclough say in 2001?

Answer 2

These power relationships give rise to what may be termed as unequal encounters. One speaker is seen as the powerful participant and the other are less

Question 3

What does Hornyak suggest?

Answer 3

Compliments follow down the hierarchy in institutions and flow from the people in higher positions

Question 4

Who talked about saving positive face?

Answer 4

Goffman

Question 5

What does drew and heritage talk about in 1992?

Answer 5

Institutional talk

Question 6

What do drew and heritage suggest about goal orientation?

Answer 6

Participants in workplace conversations usually focus on specific tasks or goals

Question 7

What does drew and heritage suggest about turn taking rules or restrictions ?

Answer 7

Some professional contexts there are special turn taking rules in operation but even when no rules exist, there is unwritten restrictions on who speaks when

Question 8

What does drew and heritage say about allowable contributions?

Answer 8

May be restrictions on kind of contributions are considered ‘allowable’

Question 9

What does drew and heritage say about professional lexis?

Answer 9

Professional/ workplace context may be reflected in lexical choice ie special lexis or vocabulary used by speakers

Question 10

What does drew and heritage say about structure?

Answer 10

Workplace and professional interactions may be structural in specific ways due to hierarchy

Question 11

What does drew and heritage say about asymmetry?

Answer 11

Workplace and professional interactions are often asymmetrical , that is often one speaker has more power and knowledge than another

Question 12

What does Yule say in 2004?

Answer 12

Speech is a form of social identity and is used consciously to indicate membership of different social groups

Question 13

What did zderiek and Salzman say in 2004?

Answer 13

Need to share; pronunciation, grammar vocabulary and manner of speaking belong to the same speech community. We want to sound like each other

Question 14

What does John Swales discuss in 1990?

Answer 14

Groups that have goals or purposes and use communication to achieve these goals - discourse communities

Question 15

What does he wings and he wings say in 2005?

Answer 15

Groups of people who share particular registers and use the kinds of texts in which these registers occur

Question 16

What does fairclouh say in 2011?

Answer 16

Instrumental authority- enforcing authority

Question 17

What does fairclough say about power in and behind the discourse ?

Answer 17

Power in discourse in power gained through language and power behind the discourse is focused on the organisation of institutions and enactment of power

Question 18

What does wareing discuss about power rules in 1990?

Answer 18

Political power- held by politicians police and those in law courts , personal power, holding power due to occupational role and social group power - power due to social variables such as age gender class

Question 19

What does koester say in 2004?

Answer 19

Photic talk- how employees can support each other in tasks. Establish interpersonal relationships

Question 20

What did Nelson suggest in 2000?

Answer 20

Business language semantic field for business, involving lim categories. Business people, companies, money

Question 21

What does louhiala - Saminen say in 1995?

Answer 21

Business letters, emails, are more formal because the conventions are well established

Question 22

What does Cameron say in 2000?

Answer 22

Call centre conversations- conversations in call centre are highly formulating rather than spontaneous

Question 23

What does coulthard and Sinclair say in 1975?

Answer 23

Teachers use IRF ( initiation, response, feedback)

Question 24

What does brown and Levison discuss in 1987?

Answer 24

Politeness strategies