Anxiolytics/Hypnotics Drug Names Flashcards
1st line anxiolytics =
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
Mechanism:
Benzodiazepines (-lam, -pam)
Advantage: safety at high doses (barbiturates do not)
Disadvantage: dependence, tolerance
Potentiate GABA effect
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Use:
Long acting BDZ (1-3 days)
Alcohol detox
Presurgery anxiety
Diazepam (Valium)
Use:
Long acting BDZ (1-3 days)
Rapid onset
Anxiety
Seizure control
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Use:
Intermediate acting BDZ (10-20 hrs)
Panic attacks
Flurazepam (Dalmane)
Use:
Long acting BDZ (1-3 days)
Rapid onset
Insomnia
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Use:
Intermediate acting BDZ (10-20 hrs)
Panic attacks
Alcohol withdrawal
Oxazepam (Serax)
Short acting BDZ (3-8 hrs)
Triazolam (Halcion)
Use:
Short acting BDZ (3-8 hrs)
Rapid onset
Insomnia
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Use:
Intermediate acting BDZ (10-20 hrs)
Panic attacks
Anxiety
Temazepam (Restoril)
Intermediate acting BDZ (10-20 hrs)
Insomnia
BDZ toxicity
Respiratory depression in overdose
Lethal when mixed w/ alcohol
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Use:
T/F: Significant withdrawal symptoms.
T/F: No tolerance/dependence
T/F: Anticonvulsant and mm relaxant properties
Non-BDZ: binds to GABA receptor
Short-term treatment of insomnia
F, T, F
Buspirone
Use:
T/F: Faster onset than BDZ
T/F: Anxiolytic action is at GABA receptor
T/F: Dangerous to give to alcoholics due to CNS depression.
T/F: Low potential for abuse/addition
Generalized anxiety disorder
False: 1-2 weeks for effect
False: 5HT-1A receptor (partial agonist)
False: Good for alcoholics b/c does NOT potentiate CNS depression
True
Propranolol =
Used for:
= beta blocker
autonomic effects of panic attacks/performance anxiety (palpitations, sweating, tachycardia)
Akathisia SE of typical antipsycotics
