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Psych Pharm > Anxiolytics/Hypnotics > Flashcards

Anxiolytics/Hypnotics Flashcards

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1
Q

Benzos

A

potentiate GABA
SE: drowsiness, impaired intellectual functioning, reduced motor coordination, anterograde amnesia, toxicity - resp depression
withdraw can be life threatening leading to seizure

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2
Q

Long acting Benzos (T1/2 > 20hr)

A

Diazepam (valium)

Clonazepam (klonipin)

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3
Q

Intermediate acting benzos (T1/2 6-20 hr)

A

Alprazolam (Xanex)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Oxazepam (Serax)
Temazepam (Restoril)

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4
Q

Short acting Benzos (T1/2

A

Triazolam (Halcion)

Midazolam (versed)

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5
Q

Diazepam

A

Valium
T1/2 30 hr
rapid onset
treats: alcohol detox, seizure

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6
Q

Clonazepam

A

Klonipin
t1/2 22 hr - most potent
treats: anxiety, panic attacks
avoid with renal dysfunction

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7
Q

Alprazolam

A

Xanex
T1/2 11 hr
treats: anxiety, panic attack
short onset of action, high abuse potential

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8
Q

Lorazepam

A

Ativan
T1/2 18 hr
Treats: panic attack, Alcohol detox/withdraw, agitation
not metabolized by liver

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9
Q

Oxazepam

A

Serax
t1/2 8hr
treats: alcohol withdrawal/detox
not metabolized by liver

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10
Q

Temazepam

A

Restoril
Treats: insomnia - big risk for dependence
not metabolized by liver

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11
Q

Triazolam

A

Halcion
t1/2 3hr
treats: insomnia - used in medical/surgical settings

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12
Q

Midazolam

A

Versed
t1/2 5 hr
used in medical/surgical settings

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13
Q

Zolpidem/Zaleplon/Eszopiclone

A

Ambien/Sonata/Lunesta

T1/2 ambien

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14
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Benadryl
antihistamine
SE: Dry mouth, sedation, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision

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15
Q

Chloral Hydrate

A

Noctec, Somnote
Tendency for tolerance and dependence
lethal in OD - hepatic failure

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16
Q

Ramelteon

A

Rozerem

selective melatonin agonist - no tolerance or dependence

17
Q

Buspirone

A

BuSpar
5HT-1A receptor PARTIAL agonist
1-2 wk for effect
often used in combo with SSRI

18
Q

Hydroxyzine

A

Atarax
anti-histamine
quick acting

19
Q

Barbituates (-barbitol)

A

treat anxiety, induce anesthesia

20
Q

Propranolol

A

treats autonomic effects of panic attacks, performance anxiety
treats akathisia

21
Q

Prazosin

A

treats nightmares

22
Q

As a group treat:

A

Anxiety d/o, muscle spasm, seizures, sleep d/o, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia induction

Psych Pharm (7 decks)

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