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ICM - Psychiatry > Anxiety Disorders > Flashcards

Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Features of Anxiety disorders?

A

Characteristic clinical course
Familial Pattern
Disrupted Brain Circuits
Selective Drug Responses

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2
Q

Are anxiety disorders based in genetics or developmental factors

A

Both

Genetic, Developmental, and Early life trauma

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3
Q

What brain components are influenced in patients with anxiety disorders?

A

Limbic deep brain sites

Site of emotional experience and some memory

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4
Q

Three ways to treat anxiety disorders.

A

Strengthening of the prefrontal cortex (Cognitive Therapy)
Increased Serotonin Levels (Antidepressants)
Increased GABA inhib. in amygdala and hippocampus (benzodiazepines)

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5
Q

Two types of psychological therapy for anxiety disorders.

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Mindfulness-Acceptane Based Therapies

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6
Q

Three specific types of pharmacological interventions for anxiety disorders.

A

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Serotonin NE Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
Benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Effects of Wellbutrin

A

Increased levels of NE and Dopamine

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8
Q

Effects of Effexor

A

Increased levels of NE and Serotonin

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9
Q

Effects of SSRI

A

Increased levels of Serotonin

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10
Q

Effects of MAOIs?

A

Increase NE, Dopamine, and Serotonin

Just like Cocaine and Ectasy

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11
Q

Risk of MAOIs?

A

Increased hypertension and tachycardia

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12
Q

What is a panic attack?

A

Development of sudden, intense fear and discomfort

Peaks in 10 minutes

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13
Q

of symptoms required for a full panic attack? What if its less than that #?

A

At least four

“Limited symptom attack”

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14
Q

Common symptoms of a panic attack?

A 
Tachycardia, SOB, Chest Pain
Nausea
Sweating
Shaking
Dizziness
Numbness, tingling
Fear
Depersonalization
Chills/Hot Flashes.
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15
Q

What is Panic Disorder?

A

Recurrent, Unexpected Panic Attacks
Attack followed by concern/behavior change for at least a month
No organic cause or other psychiatric disorder

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16
Q

When does panic disorder typically onset?

A

Teenage/Early Adult Years

17
Q

Panic Disorders are associated with what other phychological conditions?

A

Agoraphobia, Depression, Alcohol Abuse

18
Q

Pathophysiology of panic disorders?

A

Dysregulation of the limbic system leading to uncontrolled or inappropriate fight or flight responses.

19
Q

Broad explanation of panic disorder treatment?

A

Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmalogical intervention

20
Q

Pharmacological intervention for panic disorder may include…

A

SSRIs
Tricyclic antidepressants
Benzodiazepines
MAOIs

21
Q

Two primarily used SSRIs?

A

Sertraline and Paroxetine

22
Q

Which disorder typically requires a larger dose of SSRIs, Panic Disorder or Depression

A

Depression

23
Q

Comorbidities for panic disorder?

A 
Depression
Agoraphobia
Alcohol Abuse
Personality Disorders
Other Anxiety disorders
24
Q

Criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder.

A 
Marked fear of social situations
Fear is excessive
Persists more than 6 months
Significantly interferes with normal life
Not due to another condition
25
Q

Most common gender, age for social anxiety disorder diagnosis.

A

Female

11-15 years

26
Q

Criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

Excessive Anxiety of Worry about a number of events or activities for 6 months.
Associated symptoms
Clinically significant impairment

27
Q

What are the six GAD associated symptoms?

A 
Restlessness/On Edge
Easily Fatigued
Difficulty Concentrating
Irritability
Muscle Tension
Sleep Disturbance
28
Q

Difference between early and late onset GAD?

A

Early: Before 20, more female, always anxious
Late: Adult onset, no gender assoc., caused by stressful event

29
Q

Pharmacotherapy for GAD?

A

Benzodiazepines
Azospirones (Buspirone)
Antidepressants (SSRIs)

30
Q

Symptoms you would use to diagnose OCD?

A

Obsessions and Compulsions that cause significant disability or discomfort lasting for at least 1 hour per day

31
Q

What gender is most commonly afflicted with OCD?

A

Male

32
Q

Pathophysiology of OCD?

A

Downregulation of the extrapyramidal/basal ganglia pathway

33
Q

Treatment for OCD?

A

SSRIs

Behavior Therapy

34
Q

What is trauma?

A

Typically – a life threatening or potentially life threatening event.

Most critical elements are a sense of horror and helplessness

35
Q

DSM V Criteria for PTSD

A

Severe trauma followed by 1 month of symptoms
Re-experiencing the trauma
Avoidance of situations/memories
Negative alterations in cognition or mood
Symptoms of disturbed arousal

36
Q

Treatment for PTSD?

A

SSRIs
Anticonvulsants
Therapy

ICM - Psychiatry (8 decks)

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