Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
It is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat. It is more often associated with surges of autonomic arousal necessary for fight or flight, thoughts of immediate danger, and escape behaviors
Fear
These cluster include disorders that share features of excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances.
Anxiety Disorders
It is anticipation of future threat and more often associated with muscle tension and vigilance in preparation for future danger and cautious or avoidant behaviors.
Anxiety
How does developmentally normal fear or anxiety and transient fear or anxiety differ from anxiety disorders?
Anxiety is persistent beyond developmentally appropriate periods or is persistent in duration.
The individual with — is fearful or anxious about separation from attachment figures to a degree that is developmentally inappropriate. There is persistent fear or anxiety about harm coming to attachment figures and events that could lead to loss of or separation from attachment figures and reluctance to go away from attachment figures, as well as nightmares and physical symptoms of distress.
separation anxiety disorder
It characterized by a consistent failure to speak in social situations in
which there is an expectation to speak (e.g., school) even though the individual speaks in other situations. The failure to speak has significant consequences on achievement in academic or occupational settings or otherwise interferes with normal social communication.
Selective Mutism
The individuals with — are fearful or anxious about or avoidant of circumscribed objects or situations. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is almost always immediately induced by the phobic situation, to a degree that is persistent and out of proportion to the actual risk posed
Specific Phobia
The individual with — is fearful or anxious about or avoidant of social interactions and situations that involve the possibility of being scrutinized. These include social interactions such as meeting unfamiliar people, situations in which the individual may be observed eating or drinking, and situations in which the individual performs in front of others.
Social Anxiety Disorder
The — of being negatively evaluated by others, by being embarrassed, humiliated, or rejected, or offending others is a feature of Social Anxiety Disorder.
cognitive ideation
In — the the individual experiences recurrent unexpected panic attacks and is persistently concerned or worried about having more panic attacks or changes his or her behavior in maladaptive ways because of the panic attacks (e.g., avoidance of exercise or of
unfamiliar locations).
panic disorder
These are abrupt surges of intense fear or intense discomfort
that reach a peak within minutes, accompanied by physical and/ or cognitive symptoms.
Panic Attacks
Panic attacks may be — such as in response to a typically feared object or situation, or unexpected, meaning that the panic attack occurs for no apparent reason.
Unexpected Panic Attack
Why does panic attack may be used as a descriptive specifier for any anxiety disorder as well as other mental disorders?
Because Panic Attacks can function as a marker and prognostic factor for severity of diagnosis, course, and comorbidity across an array of disorders, including, but not limited to, the anxiety disorders (e.g., substance use, depressive and psychotic disorders).
Individuals with agoraphobia are fearful and anxious about two or more of the what situations?
using public transportation; being in open spaces; being in enclosed places; standing in line or being in a crowd; or being outside of the home alone in other situations
Why does an individual with agoraphobia is fearful of using public transportation; being in open spaces; being in enclosed places;
standing in line or being in a crowd; or being outside of the home alone in other situations?
The individual fears these situations because of thoughts that escape might be difficult or help might not be available in the event of developing panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating or embarrassing symptoms.
The person with —- experiences persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about various domains, including work and school performance, that the individual finds difficult to control. In addition, the individual experiences physical symptoms, including restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge; being easily fatigued; difficulty concentrating or mind going blank; irritability; muscle tension; and sleep disturbance.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
It involves anxiety due to substance intoxication or withdrawal or to a medication treatment.
Substance/medication-induced Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety symptoms are the physiological consequence of another medical condition.
anxiety disorder due to another medical condition,
How does agoraphobic differs from person with social anxiety disorder?
Individuals with agoraphobia may fear and avoid social situations (e.g., going to a movie) because escape might be difficult or help might not be available in the event of incapacitation or panic-like symptoms, whereas individuals with social anxiety disorder are most fearful of scrutiny by others.
What are the physical and cognitive symptoms involved in panic attacks?
- Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate.
- Sweating.
- Trembling or shaking.
- Sensations of shortness of breath or smothering.
- Feelings of choking.
- Chest pain or discomfort.
- Nausea or abdominal distress.
- Feeling dizzy, unsteady, light-headed, or faint.
- Chills or heat sensations.
- Paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations).
- Derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (being detached from oneself).
- Fear of losing control or “going crazy.”
- Fear of dying
It refers to a panic attack for which there is no obvious cue or trigger at the time of occurrence—that is, the attack appears to occur from out of the blue.
Unexpected Panic Attack
These are temperamental risk factors for most of anxiety disorders?
Negative affectivity (neuroticism) (i.e., proneness to experiencing neg
ative emotions)
Anxiety sensitivity (i.e., the disposition to believe that symptoms of
anxiety are harmful)
Behavioral Inhibition
What respiratory disturbance is usually associated with panic
disorder, in terms of past history, comorbidity, and family history?
Asthma
It may involve trembling, uncontrollable screaming or crying, aggressive or suicidal behavior, and depersonalization or derealization, which may be experienced longer than the few minutes typical of panc attacks.
Ataque de Nervios
Attacks that meet all other criteria but have
fewer than four physical and/ or cognitive symptoms are referred to as?
limited-symptom attacks
It refersto when an individual is currently behaving in ways that are intentionally designed to prevent or minimize contact with agoraphobic situations.
Active Avoidance
What are the two types of avoidance?
Behavioral
Cognitive