anxiety Flashcards
Define Anxiety.
A negative aspect of stress is characterised by irrational thinking, loss of concentration and fear of failure.
What are the two types of anxiety?
Competitive Trait
Competitive State
What is a Competitive Trait
Anxiety?
A disposition to suffer nerves in most sporting situations
-Consistent
-Stable
-A player worrying before all games
-Anxious behaviour all the time
What is a Competitive State
Anxiety?
-Anxiety experienced at a specific time during a competitive situation
-Situation dependent
-Temporary rush of anxiety
-Caused by threatening circumstances, e.g. taking a penalty
- May be cognitive and/or somatic
What does having a higher trait anxiety mean?
More likely to have a higher state of anxiety.
What are the somatic symptoms of anxiety?
-Physiological responses
-Muscular tension
-Skating
-Pacing
-poor co-ordination
-Sweating
-Increased heart rate
What are the cognitive symptoms of anxiety?
-Psychological responses
-Irrational thinking- nerves
-Worrying
-Confusion
-Loss of concentration
What graph is somatic anxiety similar to?
Inverted U
What graph is cognitive anxiety similar to?
Negative linear
What are the causes of anxiety?
-Being watched
-Running out of time when losing
-Letting the team down
-Increased competition
-Injury
-Playing badly
What is an example of a questionnaire to measure anxiety?
SCAT: Sports Competition Anxiety Test (Martens 1977)
What are the positives of a questionnaire to measure anxiety?
-Quick, cheap, easy
-Results allow easy comparison
What are the negatives of a questionnaire to measure anxiety?
-Inaccurate answers, untruthful to be more socially acceptable/desirable
-Misinterpritiaion of questions, lack of understanding
-Answers may depend on mood
-Questions may be inappropriate and lead to biased answers
-Responses be influenced by time taken to complete questions (rushing)
How is observation used to measure anxiety?
By watching
What are the positives of observation to measure anxiety?
-True to life
-Based on observers opinion- subjective
What are the negatives of observation to measure anxiety?
-Must know performer
-Time consuming
-May need more than 1 observer
-Behaviour may change if know they are being observed
How are physiological measure (physical testing) used to measure anxiety?
Measure the physical response from body
What are the positives of physiological measures to measure anxiety?
-Are factual and allow comparisons to be made
-Responses can be measured in real game situations (GPS)
What are the negatives of physiological measures to measure anxiety?
-Training can be required to use equipment and cost may inhibit use
-Wearing devices may restrict performance.
-Performer may be affected by wearing the device giving more stress and a false reading
