Antiviral

Question 1

Acyclovir mechanism of action (moa)

Answer 1

• DNA polymerase inhibitor
• prodrug
• requires phosphorylation by thymidine kinase (TK) in virus to be activated
• GTP derivative (acycloGTP)
• inhibits DNA replication and integration by competing against normal nucleotides resulting in chain termination

Question 2

Lamivudine MoA

Answer 2

RT inhibitor (prodrug)

• cytosine analogue - compete against dCTP
• terminates DNA chain
• must be phosphorylated by host enzyme to be activated

Question 3

Differences and similarities between Efavirez and lamivudine

Answer 3

Both are TR inhibitors

Efavirez: given in ACTIVE form, NON-competitive inhibition, non nucleotide analogue. Denature enzyme active site

Lamivudine: given in INactive form. (Requires phosphorylation by host cell enzyme). Competitive inhibition. Cytosine analogue.

Question 4

AZT (azidothymidine) is what type of antiviral drug

Answer 4

RT inhibitor
Prevent RNA to DNA copies
- commonly administered with integrate inhibitor (e.g. Raltegravir)

Question 5

Raltegravir is what type of antiviral drug

Answer 5

Viral integratase inhibitor

• prevent viral DNA to be incorporated into host DNA
• commonly administered along with RT inhibitors

Question 6

Saquinavir is what type of antiviral drug

Answer 6

Viral protease inhibitor

• prevent maturation of viral proteins
• binds to HIV protease cleavage site to prevent cleavage (maturation)

Question 7

Anti-retro viral drugs

Answer 7

Lamiduvine
Efavirez
AZT
Saquinavir

Question 8

Oseltamivir (tamiflu)

Answer 8

Antiviral drug
Neurominidase inhibitor
Prevent exit of virus after maturation
Uses: influenza A and B