Antimalarial

Question 1

Drugs for P. Falciparum

Answer 1

Quinine
Mefloquine
Artemisinin

Question 2

Antimalarial drug for P. Vivax and P. Ovale but not P. Falciparum

Answer 2

Primaquine

Question 3

Why can’t chloroquine be given to P. Falciparum malaria ?

Answer 3

Resistance

Question 4

Malaria drugs that work in acute phase of malarial cycle

Answer 4

Chloroquine
Quinine
Artemisinin

Question 5

Only malarial drug that works in liver phase

Answer 5

Primaquine (for p. Vivax and p. Ovale)

Question 6

Artemisinin MoA

Answer 6

Works during acute phase of malarial cycle
Activated by haem which increases ROS levels
Binds to target and modify proteins resulting in damaged membranes
Usually combined with another drug

Question 7

What is a ‘riamet’?

Answer 7

A regime that consist of artemether (synthetic artemisinin) and lumefantrine (haem polymerase inhibitor)

Question 8

Mefloquine works at what stage of the malarial cycle

Answer 8

Erythrocytic stage

Question 9

Primaquine MoA

Answer 9

Disrupts mitochondria
Decrease pyramiding synthesis

• when combined with chloroquine, it can target gametocyte and prevent transmission

Question 10

Disadvantage of chloroquine

Answer 10

Cannot be used on its own

Not effective against p. Falciparum due to resistance

Question 11

Chloroquine MoA

Answer 11

Concentrates in parasite’s lysosomes (site of haemoglobin metabolism) and prevent haem polymerisation.
Haem accumulates and toxicity increase

Question 12

Mefloquine side effects

Answer 12

Severe psychological side effects
Insomnia
Agitation

Question 13

What type of antimalarial drug has no effect on exoerythrocytic stage but is very effective against P. Falciparum

Answer 13

Mefloquine