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Zey øving > Antiviral 2 > Flashcards

Antiviral 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which PI has the highest incidence of adverse effects?

A

Ritonavir

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2
Q

Which two PI is preffered for treating HIV?

A

Atazanavir Darunavir

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3
Q

Fusion and entry inhibitors

A

Maraviroc Enfuvirtide

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4
Q

Fusion and entry inhibitors - MoA

A

Inhibits fusion and entry of HIV

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5
Q

Fusion and entry inhibitors - Clinical use

A

HIV by drug-resistant strains

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6
Q

Maraviroc - MoA

A

Binds to CCR5 and prevents entry of HIV-1 to cells.

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7
Q

Enfuvirtide - MoA

A

Binds to HIV glycoprotein 41 and block the fusion process

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8
Q

Enfuvirtide - Adverse effects

A

Injection site reactions

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9
Q

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors

A

Raltegravir Dolutegravir Elvitegravir

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10
Q

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors - MoA

A

Prevents DNA strand transfer by binding integrase

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11
Q

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors - Clinical use

A

HIV

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12
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitors - MoA

A

Inhibits neuraminidase in influenza A and B, preventing release of virions from infected cells and preventing spread through the resp tract

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13
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitors clinical use

A

Prophylaxis and treatment of influenzae. Reduce complications of influenzae (otitis media, pneumonia)

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14
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitors adverse effect

A

Minor respiratory and GI reactions

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15
Q

Zanamivir contraindication

A

Patients with airway disease

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16
Q

Adamantanes - MoA

A

Block M2 proton channel, prevents acidification of influenza A, and fusion of viral membranes. Amantadine also increase release of dopamine

17
Q

Adamantenes

A

Amantadine Rimantadine

18
Q

Adamantanes - Clinical use

A

Prevention and treatment of influenza A

19
Q

Amantadine - Clinical use

A

Parkinson disease

20
Q

Drugs for hepatitis and other viral infections

A

Ribavirin Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues Interferon alfa Sofosbuvir and Valpatasavir

21
Q

Ribavirin - MoA

A

Inhibits guanine triphosphate and viral nucleic acid synthesis.

22
Q

Ribavirin - Clinical use

A

Severe RSV infection + chronic hepatitis Hepatitis A and C HSV Influenza A Mumps virus Adenovirus Colorado tick fever virus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus Hantaan virus Respiratory syncytial virus Rift valley fever virus Yellow fever virus.

23
Q

Ribavirin - Contraindication

A

Contraindicated: pregnancy + lactating women, ZDV treatment, Teratogenic

24
Q

Ribavirin - Adverse effects

A

Adm inhalation: serious pulmonary and cardiovascular effects (apnea, pneumothorax, worsening resp status, cardiac arrest) Oral adm: hemolytic anemia (worsen cardiac disease, MI)

25
Q

Ribavirin - Interactions

A

Antagonize ZDV

26
Q

Inteferon alfa - MoA

A

Bind to cell surface receptors and enhance host cell protective defenses (gene transcription, inhibit protein synthesis, degradation of viral RNA, activation of cytotoxic T cells + NK cells)

27
Q

Interferon alfa - Clinical use

A

Hepatitis B and C Papillomaviruses Genital warts Hairy cell leukemia Chronic myelocytic leukemia Kaposi sarcoma Renal carcinoma Malignant melanoma Multiple myeloma Neoplastic diseases

28
Q

Interferon alfa - Adverse effects

A

Hematologic toxicity Cardiac arrhythmias Changed BP CNS dysfunction GI distress

29
Q

Sofosbuvir and valpatasavir - MoA

A

Inhibits HCV RNA-directed RNA polymerase

30
Q

Sofosbuvir and valpatasavir - Clinical use

A

Hepatitis C

31
Q

Palivizumab - MoA

A

Inactivates the fusion protein of RSV, inhibits viral entry into target cells

32
Q

Palivizumab - Clinical use

A

Prevent and treat RSV infection in infants and children under 2 years that are at increased risk of severe disease.

33
Q

Drugs for influenza - Administration

A

All oral Nasal spray: Zanamivir

34
Q

Hepatitis and other viral drugs - Administration

A

All oral Subcutaneous: Interferon alfa Ribavirin: Oral + inhalation, IV

35
Q

Adamantanes - Contraindication

A

Pregnancy
Mania
Psychosis
Not used for influenza B

Zey øving (7 decks)

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