Antisocial Behaviour

Question 1

What is Antisocial behaviour?

Answer 1

Antisocial behaviour is generally defined as behaviour that transgresses a society’s rules, norms and laws and likely to cause harm to others.

Question 2

What is the legal definition of antisocial behaviour?

Answer 2

It’s behaviour by a person which causes, or is likely to cause, harassment, alarm or distress to persons not of the same household.

Question 3

How many young people meet the criteria for ‘behaviour disorder’?

Answer 3

1 in 20 young people aged 5- 19

Question 4

Which gender has a higher rate of antisocial behaviour in people under the age of 19?

Answer 4

Boys tend to have a higher rate then girls

Question 5

Antisocial behaviour accounts for how much of all years lived with disability?

Answer 5

1 percent

Question 6

What is the mean costs of conduct behaviour now and how has it differed from the past?

Answer 6

The costs of conduct behaviour is now 103k per person but used to be 70k in 2001.

Question 7

What things are included in the mean costs of conduct disorder?( what does mean cost count for)

Answer 7

• Policing
• Educational provision
• Social work
• Impact of crime
• Criminal justice processes

Question 8

What does the mean costs of conduct disorder fail to account?

Answer 8

These costs fail to acknowledge the misery to families and victims of antisocial behaviour.

Question 9

When does antisocial behaviours tend to peak?

Answer 9

Antisocial behaviours tend to peak in early teen years and gradually dip afterwards.

Question 10

State Examples of antisocial behaviour — psychiatric syndromes( diagnosis )

Answer 10

• Oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD)
• Conduct Behaviour (conduct dis-social disorder)
• Antisocial personality disorder ( dissocial personality disorder )

Question 11

What is oppositional defiant disorder and characteristics ?

Answer 11

• oppositional defiant disorder is an example of Anti-social behaviour
• its in younger children under the age of 12
• children with oppositional tend to challenge adult authority

Question 12

What is conduct behaviour ( conduct dissocial disorder) and characteristics ?

Answer 12

• conduct behaviour is an example of Anti-social behaviour
• found in adolescents ( anyone over the age of 12 )
  Character:
• Repeated rule/ law breaking
• Disregard the rights and well being of others
• Show a lack of empathy ( now can be specified with Limited prosocial emotions)

Question 13

What are the issues that arise with helping a person with conduct disorder?

Answer 13

They tend to respond less well to therapies and treatments offered to young people with behaviours that challenge.

Question 14

What 3 things does the psychopathy checklist include and how do they all relate?

Answer 14

The psychopathy checklist looks at three areas:

• Callous unemotional—> individuals with high calllose emotional traits are thought to have an unreactive amygdalas
• Grandiose manipulative—> they have a sense of self worth and often feel superior to others and use this to manipulate others to do things for them. ( often the narcissism that leads to an eventual apprehension as they feel more intelligent then others.
• Daring impulsive domain

Question 15

Individuals with conduct disorder may also have a few developmental issues. What are these developmental issues? (Comorbidity with conduct disorder)

Answer 15

• Specified and generalised learning problems
• Literacy issues ( dyslexia )
• Speech and language problems
• Learning disabilities
• Autism spectrum conditions
• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Question 16

Individuals with conduct disorder may also have a few mental health issues. What are these metal health issues ( what can you say about some of these)? (Comorbidity with conduct disorder)

Answer 16

-Depression —> depressive conduct behaviour is often overlooked. This is because people tend to focus on the issues of conduct behaviour over the constant low mood the person may be in.
- Substance misuse/ dependancy —> drugs such as bensodiazapines
-post-traumatic stress disorder
Attachment disorder

Question 17

What is antisocial personality disorder( Dissocial personality disorder) and characteristics ?

Answer 17

• antisocial personality disorder is an example of antisocial behaviour
• its genuinely diagnosed in adults but can now be diagnosed in younger children
  Characteristics:
  -lack of empathy for others
• repeated floating social morals/ laws
• failure to respond to punishment
• risk taking, superficial charm and manipulative

Question 18

Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder are slightly linked explain how?

Answer 18

When a child is diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder once they get over the age of 12 this tends to become conduct disorder which is the adult version.

Question 19

Whats a the key thing to remember when a young person is diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder?

Answer 19

That they do not take the diagnosis to adult hood if their symptoms of antisocial personality disorder decrease and they no longer meet the Criteria.

Question 20

What do you need to do when assessing a person with conduct disorder?

Answer 20

• Check NICE guidelines
• Obtain information from multiple sources
• Detailed developmental history
• Cognitive assessment
• Mental health assessment
• early life history trauma

Question 21

What examples of adverse childhood events?

Answer 21

Sexual abuse
Physical abuse
Verbal abuse
Domestic abuse of parent

Question 22

What are the consequences of adverse childhood events ?

Answer 22

Adverse childhood events lead to poorer mental and physical well being and could lead to early death.

Question 23

Nature vs nature : what is associated with antisocial behaviour and is there an hereditary component to criminal behaviour?

Answer 23

• Adversity is associated with antisocial behaviour
• There is a hereditary component in criminal behaviour and this was seen in a Scandinavian adoption study: children of adopted form criminal parents were more likely to be involved in criminal behaviour.

Question 24

What are the some of the causes of Anti social behaviour

Answer 24

• Warrior genes

- adversity

Question 25

What are the two warrior genes?

Answer 25

• Monoamine oxidase A gene- this breaks down monoamine neurotransmitters ( dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin ) in the synaptic cleft. A low activity of the allele that codes for monoamine has been linked to aggression.
• Catherine-13–> This lead to risks for ADHD and CD. It impacts GABAergic function in the hippocampus and cognition

Question 26

Why is antisocial behaviour anything to do with doctors?

Answer 26

• Young people with conduct behaviour tend to have developmental or mental health issues that doctors are interested in.
• Psychiatrists can help other professionals such as the criminal justice t understand if a person with conduct disorder plays a role in offending others.
• Antisocial behaviour can be viewed as a public health problem

Question 27

What medications are used for conduct disorder management and their risks?

Answer 27

-Low doses of antipsychotic resperidone is licensed for short term use ( less then 6 weeks) after this there level of effectiveness decreases.
The risks include: weight gain, diabetes and prolactin’s

• Sodium valproate is a mood stabiliser ( anti epileptic drug)

Question 28

What other ways of managing antisocial behaviour? ( management of psychosocial (non med methods)

Answer 28

• Parent management training —> only effective in under 11a
• Cognitive behaviour therapy based approaches—> these may be used to improve anger management useful in those over age 12.
• Multi-systemic therapy- based on family therapy