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pang remember > ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS > Flashcards

ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ANtimalarial agents?

A

Chloroquine
Quinine
Mefloquine
Primaquine
Doxycycline
Artemisinin Analogs
(Artemisinin,Artesunate Artemether)

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2
Q

MOA of Chloroquine?

A

Prevents polymerarization of heme into hemozoin

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3
Q

MOA of Quinine?

A

Complexes with DNA to prevent strand separation → blocks replication and
transcription

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4
Q

MOA of Mefloquine?

A

Unknown

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5
Q

MOA of Primaquine?

A

Forms electron-transferring redox compounds that acts as cellular oxidants

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6
Q

MOA of Doxycycline?

A

Impairs progeny of malarial apicoplast genes → abnormal cell division

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7
Q

MOA of Artemisin Analogs?

A

Forms toxic free radicals in malarial food vacuoles

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8
Q

Uses of Chloroquine?

A

● Non-falciparum chloroquine-sensitive malaria
● Chemoprophylaxis

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9
Q

Uses of Quinine?

A

● Malaria (Chloroquinone resistant areas)
● DOC for malaria in pregnant patients

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10
Q

Uses of Mefloquine?

A

● Malaria (Chloroquinone resistant areas)

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11
Q

Uses of Primaquine?

A

● Radical cure for P. vivax and P. ovale

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12
Q

Uses of Doxycycline?

A

none

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13
Q

Uses of Artemisin Analogs?

A

Malaria (uncomplicated falciparum, quinine-resistant)

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14
Q

Toxicity of Choholorquinine?

A

● GI upset
● Skin rash
● Retinal damage
● Cardiac arrhythmia
● Neuropsychiatric reaction

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15
Q

Toxicity of Quinine?

A

● Cinchonism (HA, Tinnitus,
vertigo)

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16
Q

Toxicity of Mefloquine?

A

● GI upset
● Skin rash
● Neuropsychiatric reaction
● Seizures

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17
Q

Toxicity of Primaquine?

A

● GI upset
● Pruritus
● Methemoglobenemia
● Hemolysis in G6PD deficient
patients

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18
Q

Toxicity of Doxycycline?

A

none

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19
Q

Toxicity of Artemisinin Analogs?

A

● Nausea
● Vomiting
● Diarrhea

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20
Q

What are the drugs used in Amebiasis(Luminal amebicide)?

A

Diloxanide Furoate
Iodoquinol
Poromomycin

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21
Q

What is the MOA of Diloxanide Fuorate?

A

Unknown

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22
Q

What is the MOA of Iodoquinol?

A

Unknown

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23
Q

What is the MOA of Poromomycin?

A

Inhibits Protein synthesis

24
Q

Uses of Diloxanide Furoate?

A

DOC for symptomatic cyst carriers for E. histolytica

25
Q

Uses of Iodoquinol?

A

Mild to severe intestinal amebiasis

26
Q

Uses of Poromomycin?

A

● Back-up drug for asymptomatic cyst carriers
● Cryptosporidiosis

27
Q

Toxicity of Diloxanide Furoate

A

GI upset

28
Q

Toxicity of Iodoquinol?

A

● GI upset
● Thyroid enlargement
● Skin reaction
● Neurotoxicity

29
Q

Toxicity of Poromomycin?

A

● HA
● Dizziness
● Rashes
● Arthralgia

30
Q

What are the drugs used in Amebiasis (Tissue amebicides)

A

Metronidazole
Nitazoxanide
Emetine

31
Q

MOA of Metronidazole?

A

Reactive reduction by ferrodoxin forming free radical that disrupt transport
chain

32
Q

MOA of Nitazoxanide?

A

Reactive reduction by ferrodoxin forming free radicals that disrupt electrom
trannsport chain

33
Q

MOA of Emetine?

A

Inhibits Protein synthesis

34
Q

USES of Metronidazole?

A

● DOC for Severe intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis,
Trichomoniasis, Giardiasis, Bacterial viginosis

35
Q

USES of Nitazoxamide?

A

● Metronidazole-resistant amebiasis
● DOC for Giardiasis, Cryptosporidosis

36
Q

Uses of Emetine?

A

● Back -up drug for severe intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis

37
Q

Toxicity of Metronidazole?

A

● Metallic taste
● GI upset
● Disulfiram-like effect

38
Q

Toxicity of Nitazoxamide

A

● GI upset

39
Q

Toxicity of Emetine?

A

● GI upset
● Muscle wealness
● CV dysfunction

40
Q

What are the DRUGS FOR
PNEUMOCYSTIS AND
TAXOPLASMOSIS

A

Cotrimoxazole ((Trimethorprimsulfamethoxazole))
Pyrimethamine - Sulfadiazine

41
Q

Uses of Cotrimoxazole

A

First line drug for prophylaxis and treatment for pnumocystis carinii
pneumonia

42
Q

Uses of Pyremethamine?

A

DOC for toxoplasmosis

43
Q

Toxicity of Cotrimoxazole?

A

● GI upset
● Rash
● Fever
● Nutropenia
● Throbocytopenia can
happen in patient with AIDS

44
Q

Toxicity of Pyremethamine

A

● GI upset
● Hematologic toxicities
(meglobastic anemia,
thrombocytopenia)
● Neurologic symptoms (HA,
seizures, insomia, tremors)

45
Q

DRUGS FOR
TRYPANOSOMIASIS
(WEST AFRICAN)

A

Pentamidine
Eflornithine

46
Q

MOA of Pentamidine?

A

Unknown

47
Q

MOA of Eflornithine

A

Suicide inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase

48
Q

Uses of pentamidine?

A

● DOC for hemolymphatic stage of Trypanosomiasis
● Pneumocystis jirovecii infections and Kala azar form of Leishimaniasis

49
Q

Uses of Eflornithine?

A

DOC for West African sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma brucei
gambiense)

50
Q

DRUGS FOR
TRYPANOSOMIASIS
(EAST AFRICAN)

A

Suramin
Melarsoprol
Sodium stibogluconate

51
Q

MOA of Suramin?

A

unknown

52
Q

MOA of Melasoprol?

A

Oraganic arsenical (-) enzymes with sufahydryl groups in trypanosomes

53
Q

Uses of suramine?

A

DOC for hemolymphatic stage of trypanosomiasis

54
Q

Uses of Melarsoprol?

A

DOC for advanced East African sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma
brucei rhodosiense)

55
Q

MOA of Sodium stibogluconate

A

inhibits glycolysis or nucleic acid metabolism

56
Q
A

pang remember (2 decks)

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