Antinematodal drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Phenothiazine
Nemetode
A
- Inhibiting process of glycolysis so inhibit energy production.
- Act on GIT nematodes infesting ruminants and Hetrakis Gallinae of poultry.
Vermicide.
2
Q
Piperazine
Nemetode
A
- GABA agonist so paralyze the worms
- Act on Ascaris and Oxyuris
( very safe drug for man and animals)
Vermifuge.
3
Q
Diethylcarbamazine
A
- it disrupts microtubules and inhibits microtubule polymerization in microfilaria
- Act on Ascaris and Oxyuris
(Safe for use in pregnant and young animals)
4
Q
Levamisole (given orally or parenterally)
Nemetode
A
- Causing muscle hyperpolarization leading to muscular paralysis
- Act on Lung worms that’s why it’s given parentrally
- Its action is very rapid and expel most worms within 24 hours.
- It is neither embryotoxic nor teratogenic when given to pregnant animals.
(Toxicity: Excessive sweating and rapid respiration.)
Vermicide and immunostimulant agent.
5
Q
Benzimidazoles (BZM)
Nemetode
A
- inhibit energy production in the worm by inhibiting the activity of fumarate reductase enzyme.
- On contrast, no withdrawal period is required for dosing
Vermicide.
6
Q
Tetrahydropyrimidines
Nematode
A
- They include three commonly used drugs: Morantel, Pyrantel and Oxantel used in the form of tartarate salts.
- M.O.A: they affect the worm neuromuscular system causing hyperpolarization leading to muscular paralysis and death.
Vermicide.
7
Q
Ivermectins
Nematode
A
- It has no activity against tape worm and liver flukes.
- M.O.A: it paralyzes the worm by augmenting the action of the inhibitory transmitter GABA, at the worm neuromuscular junction causing paralysis and death.
- Withdrawal period:28 days.
- not used in dairy cows producing milk for human consumption.
Vermicide.
8
Q
Organophosphorus compounds (OPC)
Nematode
A
- M.O.A:acts by inhibiting cholinesterase enzyme of the worm.
- Toxicity: SLUDE.
- Nowadays, they are less commonly used because of their high toxicity to the host.
Vermicide.
