Anti Trematodal drugs

Question 1

Nitroxynil

Trematode

Answer 1

• It is one of substituted phenols.
• It cause rupture of the fluke tegument and induce paralysis.
• It is active against adult liver flukes and has some activity against fly larvae.
• not used in dairy cows producing milk for human consumption.
• Withdrawal period: 30 days.

Vermicide.

Question 2

Diamphenethide

Trematode

Answer 2

• It is one of substituted phenols.
• It cause rupture of the fluke tegument and induce paralysis.
• Withdrawal period: 7 days.
• not used in sheep producing milk for human consumption.

Vermicide.

Question 3

Rafoxanide

Trematode

Answer 3

• It is a salicylanilide derivative.
• Inhibiting mitochondrial phosphorylation process in the parasite so inhibiting energy production.
• Withdrawal period:28 days.
• not used in dairy cows producing milk for human consumption.

Vermicide.

Question 4

Closantel

Trematode

Answer 4

• It is a recent analogue
• Inhibiting mitochondrial phosphorylation process in the parasite so inhibiting energy production.
• It is highly effective against mature and immature flukes in sheep and cattle; it is also active against blood suckling nematodes. As well as some external parasite as mange mites and ticks.

Vermicide.

Question 5

Oxyclozanide

Trematode

Answer 5

• It is effective against adult liver flukes.
• Withdrawal period: 14 days for meat, but for milk is zero because not excreted in milk.

Vermicide.

Question 6

Clorsulon

Trematode

Answer 6

• Inhibiting the process of glycolysis, so inhibit energy production.
• Withdrawal period: 8 days for meat and may be not used for lactating cows.

Vermicide.

Question 7

Triclabendazole

Trematode

Answer 7

• It is one of recent BZM.
• M.O.A: Inhibiting activity of fumarate reductase enzyme in the parasite.
• It is active against all parasitic stages of Fasciola in
  both sheep and cattle . I t has no activity against nematodes
• It has a withdrawal time of 28 days and should not be given to animals providing milk for human consumption.
• not used in lactating cattle

Vermicide.

Question 8

Albendazole

Trematode

Answer 8

• Withdrawal period: Sheep:10 days,Cattle:14 days
• M.O.A: Inhibiting activity of fumarate reductase enzyme in the parasite.
• not used in lactating cattle

Question 9

Netobimin

Trematode

Answer 9

• It is active against GI nematodes and their larvae,tape worms and adult liver flukes.
• Withdrawal period: Sheep meat:5 days ,Sheep milk: 3days, Cattle meat: 10 days, Cattle milk: 2 days
• M.O.A: Inhibiting activity of fumarate reductase enzyme in the parasite.