Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Internal Medicine pt. 2 > Antimocrobials > Flashcards

Antimocrobials Flashcards

1
Q

What are the circumstances that require anti microbial therapy?

A
  • organism based treatment
  • syndrome based treatment
  • empiric therapy
  • prophylaxis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the antibiotic ladder that should be followed?

A

1- Penicillin G
2- oxacillin-nafcillin (MSSA) OR amoxicillin (E coli)
3- ampicillin-sulbactam (clavulanate) -> gram positive & gram negative coverage
4- Vancomycin (MRSA) OR piperacillin-Tazobactam (pseudomonas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What patients are more susceptible to MRSA infections?

A

Inpatients with

  • foley catheters
  • central lines
  • dialysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the adverse effects of anti microbial?

A
  • GI upset
  • hypersensitivity
  • leukopenia
  • neurological reactions (altered mental status, seizures)
  • interstitial nephritis
  • hepatotoxicity (oxacillin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the generations of cephalosporins?

A

1st Generation -> cefazolin, cephalexin
3rd Generation -> Cefixime, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, ceftriaxone
4th Generation -> cefepime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the first generation cephalosporins used for?

A
  • Skin infections like cellulitis

- prophylaxis before surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the characteristics of 3rd generation cephalosporins?

A
  • cover gram positive & gram negative organisms

- cross the blood brain barrier (used for meningitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the 4th generation of cephalosporins cover?

A

Pseudomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the preferred antibiotic for anaerobic infections above the diaphragm?

A

Clindamycin -> inhibits 50s subunit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the preferred antibiotic for anaerobic infections below the diaphragm?

A

Metronidazole -> creates free radicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the preferred antibiotic for anaerobic infections everywhere?

A
  • B lactams/B lactamase -> inhibit cell wall synthesis

- Carbapenems -> inhibit cell wall synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the side effects of penicillins?

A
  • hypersensitivity
  • hemolytic anemia
  • drug induced interstitial nephritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the side effects of carbapenems?

A

Seizures (CNS toxicity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the side effects of vancomycin?

A
  • nephrotoxicity
  • ototoxocity
  • red man syndrome
  • DRESS syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the side effects of aminoglycosides?

A
  • nephrotoxicity
  • neuromuscular blockage (CONTRAINDICATED IN MYASTHENIA)
  • ototoxicity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the side effects of clindamycin?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis (C. Defficile overgrowth)

17
Q

What are the side effects of macrolides?

A
  • GI motility issues
  • arrhythmias
  • acute cholestatic hepatitis
18
Q

What are the side effects of Linezolid?

A

Serotonin syndrome

19
Q

What are the side effects of chloramphenicol?

A

Aplastic anemia

Internal Medicine pt. 2 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions