Antimicrobianos Flashcards

1
Q

Grupo de betalactamicos

A

Penicilinas
Cefalosporinas
Carbapenemicos
Monobactamicos

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2
Q

Cefalosporinas de 1G

A
PARENTERAL
 -Cefazolina
 -Cefalotina
ORAL
 -Cefadroxilo 
 -Cefalexina
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3
Q

Cefalosporinas de 2G

A

Cefotetan
Cefoxitina
Cefuroxima
Cefaclor

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4
Q

Cefalosporinas de 3G

A
Cefozidima
Cefotaxima
Ceftazidima
Ceftriaxona
Cefixima
Ceftibuten
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5
Q

Cefalosporinas de 4G

A

Cefepima

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6
Q

Carbapenemas

A
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem
Doripenem
Tienen toxicidad neurológica 
Para cepas multiresistentes o plomicrobianas
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7
Q

Monobactamicos

A

Aztreonam

Exclusivo gram negativas aerobias

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8
Q

Aminoglucosidos

A

Estreptomicina
Gentamicina
Tobramicina
Amikacina

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9
Q

Glucopeptidos

A

Vancomicina

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10
Q

Quinolonas

A
Antibióticos de amplio espectro 
1G: ácido nalidixico
2G: norfloxacino, ofloxacino, ciprofloxacino
3G: levofloxacino
4G: moxifloxacino
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11
Q

Macrolidos

A

Eritromicina
Claritromicina
Azitromicina
Útiles para alérgicos a betalactamicos

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12
Q

Lincosaminaa

A

Clindamicina
Para infección abdominal y pélvica con anaeróbios
2da línea para alérgicos a penicilina

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13
Q

Nitroimidazoles

A

Metronidazol

Para anaerobios

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14
Q

Tetraciclinas

A

Bacteriostaticos
Doxiciclina
Para cocos G+/-

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15
Q

Sulfonamidas

A

Trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol (Cotrimoxazol)

Para SAMS

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16
Q

Oxazolidinonas

A

Linezolid

Para resistencia a penicilina y vancomicina

17
Q

Glicilciclinas

A

Tigeciclina

Para oxacilin y vancomicina resistentes

18
Q

Rifamicinas

A

Rifampicina
Bactericida
Incrementa la actividad del citocromo P450 hepatico

19
Q

Anfenicoles

A

Cloranfenicol

Provoca aplasta medular irreversible