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RUSVM Bacteriology Exam 1 Fun > Antimicrobials > Flashcards

Antimicrobials Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 general members of the B-lactam antimicrobials?

A

Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Sublactams, Carbapenems, Monobactams

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2
Q

What are the 2 mechanisms of actions for B-lactams?

A

Disrupt cell wall and stimulate autolysins that degrade peptidoglycan

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3
Q

Do B-lactams have a broad spectrum of activity?

A

Yes

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4
Q

How are B-lactams excreted?

A

Through kidneys

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5
Q

Are B-lactams are bactericidal?

A

Yes

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6
Q

T/F: B-lactams use time dependent killing

A

True, need frequent dosing

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7
Q

What are 3 resistance methods of B-lactams?

A
  1. B-lactamase production
  2. Extended spectrum B-lactamase
  3. Alteration of penicillin binding proteins W
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8
Q

What does synergism do to B-lactamases?

A

Inhibit

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9
Q

T/F: You can mix ahminoglycoside with penicillin in the same syringe

A

False

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10
Q

What are antagonists of B-lactams?

A

Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol

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11
Q

What spectrum does Tetracycline have?

A

Broad spectrum

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12
Q

Tetracyline is widely used is what animals?

A

Ruminants and swine

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action for tetracylines?

A

Inhibit protein synthesis

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14
Q

Do tetracyclines cross placenta barrier?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Tetracyclines are secreted in?

A

Milk

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16
Q

What are the members of Aminoglycosides?

A

Gentamicin, amikacin, tobramycin, streptomycin, kanamycin, neomycin, spectinomycin

17
Q

How are ahminoglycosides inactivated?

A

Oxygen dependent uptake by microbes and purulent debris

18
Q

What kind agent is Fluoroquinolone?

A

Synthetic antimicrobial agent

19
Q

What are the members of fluoroquinolones?

A

Enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin

20
Q

Fluoroquinolone has synergism with what two antimicrobials?

A

B-lacams and Aminoglycosides

21
Q

What kind of toxic effect do fluoroquinolones have?

A

Neurotoxic effect

22
Q

What are the members of Macrolides?

A

Erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin

23
Q

What kind effect do macrolides have?

A

Immunomodulatory effect

24
Q

What are the members of sulfa drugs?

A

Sulfonamide, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine

25
Q

What is the mechanism of Sulfa drugs?

A

Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis pathway

26
Q

Is oral absorption good for sulfa drugs?

A

Yes

27
Q

How are sulfa drugs excreted?

A

Through bile, feces, urine

28
Q

Sulfa drugs are synergistic with who?

A

Diaminopyrimidines

RUSVM Bacteriology Exam 1 Fun (10 decks)

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