Antimicrobials Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillin

A

Beta Lactam - used for Staphylococcus and Streptococcus

Inhibits cell wall synthesis (inhibit formation of peptidoglycan cross-links)

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2
Q

Cephalosporin

A

Beta Lactam

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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3
Q

Monobactam

A

Beta Lactam
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Only effective against aerobic Gram Negative

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4
Q

Carbapenem

A

Beta Lactam

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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5
Q

Vancomycin

A
Glycopeptide 
Inhibits cell wall synthesis 
Used in MRSA
Only gram positive 
2nd line treatment for C. difficile
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6
Q

Teicoplanin

A

Glycopeptide
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Only gram positive

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7
Q

Streptomycin

A

Aminoglycoside
Inhibits protein synthesis
Inhibits 30S

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8
Q

Gentamicin

A

Aminoglycoside
Inhibits protein synthesis
Inhibits 30S

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9
Q

Tetracycline

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

Inhibits 30S

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10
Q

Clarithromycin

A

Macrolides
Inhibits protein synthesis
Inhibits 50S

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11
Q

Erythromycin

A

Macrolides
Inhibits protein synthesis
Inhibits 50S

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12
Q

Clindamycin

A

Lincosamides
Inhibits protein synthesis
Inhibits 50S

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13
Q

Lincomycin

A

Lincosamides
Inhibits protein synthesis
Inhibits 50S

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14
Q

Oxazolidones

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

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15
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

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16
Q

Fusidic Acid

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

17
Q

Mupirocin

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

18
Q

Quinolone

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

19
Q

Sulphonamides

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

20
Q

Rifamycins

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

21
Q

Metronidazole

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

Used to treat anaerobes, C. difficile and protozoa

22
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

Used to treat UTIs - not in pregnancy

23
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

Used to treat UTIs - not in pregnancy

24
Q

Polyenes

A

Bind to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane

25
Q

Allylamines

A

Inhibit squalene epoxidase

Stops synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane

26
Q

Azoles

A

Inhibits cytochrome P450

Stops synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane

27
Q

Echinocandins

A

Inhibits synthesis of beta 1,3 glycan

28
Q

Flucytosine

A

Inhibits protein and DNA synthesis

29
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Binds to tubulin and inhibits mitosis

30
Q

Amorolfine

A

Inhibits D14 reductase

Depletes ergosterol

31
Q

Acylovir

A

Antiviral - inhibits DNA polymerases

Treats HSV, VZV, EBV, Cytomegalovirus

32
Q

NRTIs

A

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Treatment for HIV and Hep B

33
Q

Albendazole

A

Binds to tubulin

Treatment for cestodes and nematodes

34
Q

Praziquantel

A

Treatment for trematodes