Antimicrobial therapies

Question 1

Beta lactams

Answer 1

bind to PBPs, block transpeptidase, inhibit synthesis of peptidoglycan cell wall.

Question 2

Aminoglycosides

Answer 2

toxic, but resistance has led to use. Bactericidal, target protein synthesis, RNA proof reading and cause damage to cell membrane.

Question 3

Rifampcin

Answer 3

Bactericidal, targets RpoB subunit of RNA polymerase, spontaneous resistance frequent, makes secretions red.

Question 4

Vancomycin

Answer 4

Bactericidal, targets lipid 2 component of cell wall biosynthesis as well as crosslinking via D - alanine residues. (inhibition of transpeptidase)

Question 5

Linezolid

Answer 5

Bacteriostatic, inhibits protein synthesis by binding to SOs, rna sub unit. Targets gram +ve.

Question 6

Daptomycin

Answer 6

Bactericidal, toxic, targets cell membrane, targets gram +ve.

Question 7

Macrolides, eg erthyromycin and azithromycin

Answer 7

gram + and - . Target SOs ribosomal subunit, preventing amino acyl transfer and thus truncation of polypeptides.

Question 8

Quinolones

Answer 8

synthetic, broad spectrum, bactericidal, target dna gyrase in -ve and topoisomerase iv in +ve. Dna unwinding