Antimicrobial Agents Flashcards
Ampicillin
PO IV IM B lactam (aminopenicillin)
Amoxicillin
PO B lactam (aminopenicillin)
Piperacillin
IV B lactam (anti-pseudomonal penicillin)
Ceftraixone
IV IM
3rd gen cephalosporin
Ceftazidime
IV IM
3rd gen cephalosporin
Cefepime
IV IM
4th gen cephalosporin
Meropenem
IV
carbapenem
Ertapenem
IV IM
carbapenem
Ampicillin-sulbactam
IV
B lactamase inhibitor
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
PO
B lactamase inhibitor
Piperacillin-tazobactam
IV
B lactamase inhibitor
Vancomycin
PO IV
glycopeptide
Ciprofloxacin
PO IV topical
fluoroquinolones (FQ)
Levofloxacin
PO IV topical
FQ
Gentamicin
IV IM topical
Aminoglycoside
Moxifloxacin
PO IV topical
FQ
Doxycycline
PO IV
tetracycline/glycylcycline
Azithromycin
PO IV topical
“Z-pak”
macrolide/ketolide
Clindamycin
PO IV IM topical
lincosamide
Linezolid
PO IV
oxazolidinone
Oseltamivir
PO
antiviral
Fluconazole
PO IV
antifungal
Itraconazole
PO IV
antifungal
Voriconazole
PO IV
antifungal
Penicillins
MOA: inhibits the transpeptidation rxn (last step in peptidoglycan sythesis) –> inhibits cell wall synthesis
Cephalosporins
MOA: inhibits the transpeptidation rxn (last step in peptidoglycan sythesis) –> inhibits cell wall synthesis
1st gen = good GPB coverage, modest GNB coverage
2nd gen = good GNB coverage
3rd gen = best GNB coverage (esp Enterobacteriae)
4th gen = biggest spectrum, used in serious infxns
Carbapenems
MOA: inhibits the transpeptidation rxn (last step in peptidoglycan sythesis) –> inhibits cell wall synthesis
B lactamase inhibitors
MOA: inhibits B lactamases so B lactams can stop cell wall synthesis
Fluoroquinolones (FQ)
MOA: targets bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase –> stops DNA replicaiton and transcription
Glycopeptides
MOA: inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding D-Ala-D-Ala terminal section of cell wall precursor units
Aminoglycoside
MOA: binds 30S ribosome –> stops protein synthesis
Macrolides/ketolides
MOA: binds 50S ribosome –> stops protein synthesis
Lincosamides
MOA: binds 50S ribosome –> stops protein synthesis
Oxazolidinones
MOA: binds 50S ribosome –> stops protein synthesis
Tetracyclines/Glycylcyclines
MOA: binds 30S ribosome –> stops protein synthesis