Antimicrobial 1 (Test 2)

Question 1

define antibiotic

Answer 1

A substance produced by a microorganism that inhibits or kills other microorganisms, but causes little or no damage to the host

Question 2

Define antimicrobial

Answer 2

Any substance of natural or synthetic origin that inhibits or kills a microorganism, but causes little or no damage to the host

Question 3

define bacteriostatic

Answer 3

reversible inhibition of bacterial growth

Question 4

define bactericidal

Answer 4

irreversible inhibition of bacterial growth (means bacteria are killed)

Question 5

A.D.M.E.T?

Answer 5

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion 
Toxicity

Question 6

what is the danger of using a very strong antibiotic against a pathogenic protoza?

Answer 6

it can be very toxic to the host, as the Protozoa is a eukaryote. (like us)

Question 7

T or F

Not all bacterial infections require antibiotics for successful outcome.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

you are treating a patient with a cat bite abscess, your tech asks if you would use a sulfonamide class antibiotic to treat this cat. Do you agree with her? or Disagree

Answer 8

Disagree

Sulfonamides do not penetrate into abscesses/pus well at all

Question 9

what is a drug what is infamous for causing nephrotoxicity?

Answer 9

Aminoglycosides

Question 10

You are treating a patient for a rickettsia with Tetracycline, you notice that it is not working as well as you would have expected. You speak with your client to ensure that she is following your treatment protocol, and if she is doing anything different. She informs you that she hasn’t changed anything and is following your instructions, in fact, she even look up online that giving Calcium helps fight off infections so she had started giving her dog calcium supplements with his morning meal. Does this change matter with your treatment protocol? why or why not?

Answer 10

Yes.

Calcium is know to chelate tetracycline, and cause a lower absorbed dose.

Question 11

what are some advantages of using combined antibiotic combinations

Answer 11

• To obtain a synergistic effect
• to prevent or delay emergence of persistent organisms
• to treat polymicrobial infections
• to treat serious infections

Question 12

define the term indifference in multiantibiotic therapy

Answer 12

combined are no more effective than the

more effective antibiotic used alone.

Question 13

define the term additive in multiantibiotic therapy

Answer 13

combined action is equal to the SUM of either used alone

Two antibiotics with the same mechanism of action
– i. Similar to increased dosage
– ii. May reduce toxicity as compared to a higher dosage of single antibiotic

Question 14

what is the advantage of using the additive principle of multiantibiotic therapy with regards to toxicity

Answer 14

May reduce toxicity as compared to a higher

dosage of single antibiotic

Question 15

define the term synergism in multiantibiotic therapy

Answer 15

combined action is greater than the

sum of both effects

Question 16

define the term antagonism in multiantibiotic therapy

Answer 16

combination is less effective than the most effective individual antibiotic

Question 17

what is the problem with using a bactericidal and bacteriostatic multiantibiotic therapy?

Answer 17

you get an antagonism effect causing the combination to be less effective the the most effect individual antibiotic.