antimalarials Flashcards
what is the function of DDT’s
they open voltage gated Na+ channels
what is the selective toxicity of DDT’s
1000 times more effective in insects than mammals
what is sterile insect technique (SIT)
a method biological mosquito control
how can gene editing be used as mosquito control
insertion of defective doublesex gene via Cripsr-Cas9
leads to only male offspring or infertile females
what are problems with the malarial vaccines
unlikely to effective with all species
production of enough antibodies for all the sporozoids
what does the R/21 vaccine show promise in
higher proportion of CS antigen and a different adjuvent
what is primaquine
targets the liver form of malaria (hypnozoites)
what is the effect of primaquine
helps clear the infection and prevent spread because it targets the liver stage
what are drugs that act on folate metabolism
sulphadoxine
pyrimethamine
function of pyrimethamine
inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
what does atovaquone target
electron transport chain via competitive inhibition of ubiquinone
leads to loss of mitochondrial function
function of quinoline drugs
targets the blood form of malaria
inhibits haem detoxification
why would haem be a target for malaria treatment
blood malaria consume the globin from haemoglobin
the remaining haem group is very reactive and leads to ROS which lead to lysis of the host RBC
how does haem detoxification protein (HDP achieve haem detoxification compared to quinoline drugs
quinoline - break down the haem
HDP - aggregates and crystalises the haem group via biocrystallisation
