Antiinfective Agents (Chapter 7)

Question 1

Fleming (1928) discovered a mold called what

Answer 1

Penicillium notatum

Question 2

antiinfective agents

Answer 2

substances that act against or destroy infections

Question 3

antibacterial agents

Answer 3

substances that destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of bacteria

Question 4

antibiotic agents

Answer 4

chemical substances produced by microorganisms that have the capacity, in dilute solutions, to destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of organisms or prevent their action.

Question 5

antimicrobial agents

Answer 5

substances that destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of microorganisms

Question 6

antifungal agents

Answer 6

substances that destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of fungi

Question 7

antiviral agents

Answer 7

substances that destroy or suppress the growth or multiplication of viruses

Question 8

bactericidal

Answer 8

ability to kill bacteria; irreversible; cephalosporins, penicillins

Question 9

bacteriostatic

Answer 9

ability to inhibit the multiplication or growth of bacteria ; reversible; ex: tetracyclines

Question 10

synergism

Answer 10

combination produces more than an additive effect (1+1>2); bactericidal comb. are generally synergistic; bacteriostatic comb. are merely additive

Question 11

antagonism

Answer 11

occurs when a combination produces less effect than either agent alone; combination of a bactericidal and bacteriostatic agent is often poorer than either alone (1+1<2)

Question 12

MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration)

Answer 12

Lowest concentration needed to inhibit visible growth of an organism on media after 18 to 24 hours of incubation (in vitro testing/lab)

Question 13

Blood (serum) level

Answer 13

Concentration of antiinfective agent in blood or serum

Question 14

Infection

Answer 14

invasion by pathogenic microorganisms and reaction of tissue; presence of a pathogen does NOT constitute “invasion”

Question 15

Superinfection; suprainfection

Answer 15

Infection caused by proliferation of microorganisms different from those causing the original infection

Question 16

The practitioner can _____ and _____ infections-big deal what drug we chose!

Answer 16

cause; eliminate

Question 17

Eating ______that has a living acting culture can benefit those who are taking antibiotics

Answer 17

yogurt

Question 18

_____, after pain management, is the dental problem for which drugs are ______often prescribed.

Answer 18

infection; most

Question 19

Dental infections can be divided into several types. They are (4)?

Answer 19

1. Caries (streptococcus mutans)
2. Periodontal disease (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans)
3. Localized dental infections
4. Systemic infections