Antihypertensive Drugs

Question 0

antihypertensive drugs

Answer 0

medication used to treat hypertension

Question 1

alpha1 blockers

Answer 1

drugs that primarily cause arterial and venous dilation through their action on peripheral sympathetic neutrons

Question 2

cardiac output

Answer 2

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle, measured in litres per minute

Question 3

centrally acting adrenergic drugs

Answer 3

drugs that modify the function of the sympathetic nervous system in the brain by stimulating alpha2 receptors; alpha2 receptors are inhibitory in nature and thus have a reverse sympathetic effect and cause decreased blood pressure

Question 4

essential hypertension

Answer 4

elevated systemic arterial pressure for which no cause can be found; also called primary or idiopathic hypertension

Question 5

hypertension

Answer 5

a common, often asymptomatic disorder in which systolic blood pressure persistently exceeds 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure exceeds 90 mm Hg

Question 6

orthostatic hypotension

Answer 6

a common adverse effect of adrenergic blocking drugs involving a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person changes position, especially when rising from a seated or horizontal position

Question 7

prodrug

Answer 7

a drug that is inactive in its given form, and which must be metabolised to its active form in the body, generally by the liver, to be effective

Question 8

secondary hypertension

Answer 8

high blood pressure biased by another disease such as renal, pulmonary, endocrine, or vascular disease

Question 9

drugs for cardiac factors (heart rate and contractibility)

Answer 9

beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, centrally acting adrenergics

Question 10

drugs for circulating volume (salt and aldosterone)

Answer 10

ACE inhibitors, diuretics

Question 11

drugs for hormones (vasodilators and vasoconstrictors)

Answer 11

vasodilators, prostaglandins, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II blockers

Question 12

drugs for peripheral sympathetic receptors (constrictors and dilators)

Answer 12

receptors: alpha1 blockers and beta blockers

Question 13

drugs for CNS (centrally acting adrenergics)

Answer 13

alpha2

Question 14

drugs for local (peripherally acting adrenergics)

Answer 14

?

Question 15

antihypertensive drugs: adrenergic drugs

Answer 15

centrally and peripherally acting adrenergic blockers; centrally acting alpha2 receptor agonists; peripherally acting alpha1 receptor blockers; peripherally acting beta receptor blockers (beta blockers): cardioselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers) and nonselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers); peripherally acting dual aplha1 and beta receptor blockers

Question 16

antihypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers

Answer 16

benzothiazepines, dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamines

Question 17

antihypertensive drugs: diuretics

Answer 17

loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, thiazides and thiazide-like diuretics

Question 18

antihypertensive drugs: vasodilators

Answer 18

act directly on vascular smooth muscle cells, not through alpha or beta receptors

Question 19

antihypertensive drugs: direct renin inhibitors

Answer 19

?

Question 20

ACE inhibitors

Answer 20

benazepril [Lotensin], captopril [Capoten], enalapril [Vasotec], fosinopril [Monopril], lisinopril [Prinivil, Zestril], moexipril [Aceon], quinapril [Accupril], ramipril [Altace], trandolapril [Mavik]

Question 21

antihypertensive drugs

Answer 21

bosentan, captopril, carvedilol, clonidine, doxazosin, enalapril, eplerenone, hydralazine, losartan, nebivolol, sodium nitroprusside, treprostinil

Question 22

alpha1 blockers

Answer 22

drugs that primarily cause arterial and venous dilation through their action on peripheral sympathetic neutrons

Question 23

antihypertensive drugs

Answer 23

medication used to treat hypertension

Question 24

cardiac output

Answer 24

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle, measured in litres per minute

Question 25

centrally acting adrenergic drugs

Answer 25

drugs that modify the function of the sympathetic nervous system in the brain by stimulating alpha2 receptors; alpha2 receptors are inhibitory in nature and thus have a reverse sympathetic effect and cause decreased blood pressure

Question 26

essential hypertension

Answer 26

elevated systemic arterial pressure for which no cause can be found; also called primary or idiopathic hypertension

Question 27

hypertension

Answer 27

a common, often asymptomatic disorder in which systolic blood pressure persistently exceeds 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure exceeds 90 mm Hg

Question 28

orthostatic hypotension

Answer 28

a common adverse effect of adrenergic blocking drugs involving a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person changes position, especially when rising from a seated or horizontal position

Question 29

prodrug

Answer 29

a drug that is inactive in its given form, and which must be metabolised to its active form in the body, generally by the liver, to be effective

Question 30

secondary hypertension

Answer 30

high blood pressure biased by another disease such as renal, pulmonary, endocrine, or vascular disease

Question 31

drugs for cardiac factors (heart rate and contractibility)

Answer 31

beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, centrally acting adrenergics

Question 32

drugs for circulating volume (salt and aldosterone)

Answer 32

ACE inhibitors, diuretics

Question 33

drugs for hormones (vasodilators and vasoconstrictors)

Answer 33

vasodilators, prostaglandins, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II blockers

Question 34

drugs for peripheral sympathetic receptors (constrictors and dilators)

Answer 34

receptors: alpha1 blockers and beta blockers

Question 35

drugs for CNS (centrally acting adrenergics)

Answer 35

alpha2

Question 36

drugs for local (peripherally acting adrenergics)

Answer 36

?

Question 37

antihypertensive drugs: adrenergic drugs

Answer 37

centrally and peripherally acting adrenergic blockers; centrally acting alpha2 receptor agonists; peripherally acting alpha1 receptor blockers; peripherally acting beta receptor blockers (beta blockers): cardioselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers) and nonselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers); peripherally acting dual aplha1 and beta receptor blockers

Question 38

antihypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers

Answer 38

benzothiazepines, dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamines

Question 39

antihypertensive drugs: diuretics

Answer 39

loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, thiazides and thiazide-like diuretics

Question 40

antihypertensive drugs: vasodilators

Answer 40

act directly on vascular smooth muscle cells, not through alpha or beta receptors

Question 41

antihypertensive drugs: direct renin inhibitors

Answer 41

?

Question 42

ACE inhibitors

Answer 42

benazepril [Lotensin], captopril [Capoten], enalapril [Vasotec], fosinopril [Monopril], lisinopril [Prinivil, Zestril], moexipril [Aceon], quinapril [Accupril], ramipril [Altace], trandolapril [Mavik]

Question 43

antihypertensive drugs

Answer 43

bosentan, captopril, carvedilol, clonidine, doxazosin, enalapril, eplerenone, hydralazine, losartan, nebivolol, sodium nitroprusside, treprostinil