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Pharmacology: Cardiovascular & Renal System Drugs > Antihypertensive Drugs > Flashcards

Antihypertensive Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

antihypertensive drugs

A

medication used to treat hypertension

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1
Q

alpha1 blockers

A

drugs that primarily cause arterial and venous dilation through their action on peripheral sympathetic neutrons

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2
Q

cardiac output

A

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle, measured in litres per minute

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3
Q

centrally acting adrenergic drugs

A

drugs that modify the function of the sympathetic nervous system in the brain by stimulating alpha2 receptors; alpha2 receptors are inhibitory in nature and thus have a reverse sympathetic effect and cause decreased blood pressure

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4
Q

essential hypertension

A

elevated systemic arterial pressure for which no cause can be found; also called primary or idiopathic hypertension

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5
Q

hypertension

A

a common, often asymptomatic disorder in which systolic blood pressure persistently exceeds 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure exceeds 90 mm Hg

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6
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

a common adverse effect of adrenergic blocking drugs involving a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person changes position, especially when rising from a seated or horizontal position

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7
Q

prodrug

A

a drug that is inactive in its given form, and which must be metabolised to its active form in the body, generally by the liver, to be effective

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8
Q

secondary hypertension

A

high blood pressure biased by another disease such as renal, pulmonary, endocrine, or vascular disease

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9
Q

drugs for cardiac factors (heart rate and contractibility)

A

beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, centrally acting adrenergics

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10
Q

drugs for circulating volume (salt and aldosterone)

A

ACE inhibitors, diuretics

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11
Q

drugs for hormones (vasodilators and vasoconstrictors)

A

vasodilators, prostaglandins, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II blockers

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12
Q

drugs for peripheral sympathetic receptors (constrictors and dilators)

A

receptors: alpha1 blockers and beta blockers

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13
Q

drugs for CNS (centrally acting adrenergics)

A

alpha2

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14
Q

drugs for local (peripherally acting adrenergics)

A

?

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15
Q

antihypertensive drugs: adrenergic drugs

A

centrally and peripherally acting adrenergic blockers; centrally acting alpha2 receptor agonists; peripherally acting alpha1 receptor blockers; peripherally acting beta receptor blockers (beta blockers): cardioselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers) and nonselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers); peripherally acting dual aplha1 and beta receptor blockers

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16
Q

antihypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers

A

benzothiazepines, dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamines

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17
Q

antihypertensive drugs: diuretics

A

loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, thiazides and thiazide-like diuretics

18
Q

antihypertensive drugs: vasodilators

A

act directly on vascular smooth muscle cells, not through alpha or beta receptors

19
Q

antihypertensive drugs: direct renin inhibitors

A

?

20
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

benazepril [Lotensin], captopril [Capoten], enalapril [Vasotec], fosinopril [Monopril], lisinopril [Prinivil, Zestril], moexipril [Aceon], quinapril [Accupril], ramipril [Altace], trandolapril [Mavik]

21
Q

antihypertensive drugs

A

bosentan, captopril, carvedilol, clonidine, doxazosin, enalapril, eplerenone, hydralazine, losartan, nebivolol, sodium nitroprusside, treprostinil

22
Q

alpha1 blockers

A

drugs that primarily cause arterial and venous dilation through their action on peripheral sympathetic neutrons

23
Q

antihypertensive drugs

A

medication used to treat hypertension

24
Q

cardiac output

A

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle, measured in litres per minute

25
Q

centrally acting adrenergic drugs

A

drugs that modify the function of the sympathetic nervous system in the brain by stimulating alpha2 receptors; alpha2 receptors are inhibitory in nature and thus have a reverse sympathetic effect and cause decreased blood pressure

26
Q

essential hypertension

A

elevated systemic arterial pressure for which no cause can be found; also called primary or idiopathic hypertension

27
Q

hypertension

A

a common, often asymptomatic disorder in which systolic blood pressure persistently exceeds 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure exceeds 90 mm Hg

28
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

a common adverse effect of adrenergic blocking drugs involving a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person changes position, especially when rising from a seated or horizontal position

29
Q

prodrug

A

a drug that is inactive in its given form, and which must be metabolised to its active form in the body, generally by the liver, to be effective

30
Q

secondary hypertension

A

high blood pressure biased by another disease such as renal, pulmonary, endocrine, or vascular disease

31
Q

drugs for cardiac factors (heart rate and contractibility)

A

beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, centrally acting adrenergics

32
Q

drugs for circulating volume (salt and aldosterone)

A

ACE inhibitors, diuretics

33
Q

drugs for hormones (vasodilators and vasoconstrictors)

A

vasodilators, prostaglandins, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II blockers

34
Q

drugs for peripheral sympathetic receptors (constrictors and dilators)

A

receptors: alpha1 blockers and beta blockers

35
Q

drugs for CNS (centrally acting adrenergics)

A

alpha2

36
Q

drugs for local (peripherally acting adrenergics)

A

?

37
Q

antihypertensive drugs: adrenergic drugs

A

centrally and peripherally acting adrenergic blockers; centrally acting alpha2 receptor agonists; peripherally acting alpha1 receptor blockers; peripherally acting beta receptor blockers (beta blockers): cardioselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers) and nonselective (beta1 and beta2 receptor blockers); peripherally acting dual aplha1 and beta receptor blockers

38
Q

antihypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers

A

benzothiazepines, dihydropyridines, phenylalkylamines

39
Q

antihypertensive drugs: diuretics

A

loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, thiazides and thiazide-like diuretics

40
Q

antihypertensive drugs: vasodilators

A

act directly on vascular smooth muscle cells, not through alpha or beta receptors

41
Q

antihypertensive drugs: direct renin inhibitors

A

?

42
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

benazepril [Lotensin], captopril [Capoten], enalapril [Vasotec], fosinopril [Monopril], lisinopril [Prinivil, Zestril], moexipril [Aceon], quinapril [Accupril], ramipril [Altace], trandolapril [Mavik]

43
Q

antihypertensive drugs

A

bosentan, captopril, carvedilol, clonidine, doxazosin, enalapril, eplerenone, hydralazine, losartan, nebivolol, sodium nitroprusside, treprostinil

Pharmacology: Cardiovascular & Renal System Drugs (8 decks)

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