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Dispensing Exam 3 > Antihistamines, antiinfectives, and misc. drugs > Flashcards

Antihistamines, antiinfectives, and misc. drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Benadryl generic and details

A

diphenhydramine
ethanolamine
first generation

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2
Q

Antihistamines definition

A

o H-1 receptor antagonists → reduce the effects of histamine; do not prevent histamine release

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3
Q

Antihistamine generations

A
  • First generation: bind to central and peripheral H-1 receptors
  • Second generation: more selective for peripheral H-1 receptors; cause less sedation
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4
Q

pyrilamine class?

A

ethylenediamine

1st gen

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5
Q

ethylenediamine generic?

A

pyrilamine

1st gen

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6
Q

alkylamine generics?

A

brompheniramine
chlorpheniramine
1st gen

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7
Q

Phenergan generic and details?

A

promethazine
phenothiazine
1st gen

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8
Q

Vistaril generic?

A

hydroxyzine HCl
hydroxyzine pamoate
1st gen

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9
Q

hydroxyzine Trade and class?

A

Vistaril
piperazine
1st gen

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10
Q

cyproheptadine class?

A

piperidine

1st generation antihistamine

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11
Q

2nd generation piperazine generics?

A

cetirizine and levocetirizine
piperazine
2nd generation

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12
Q

cetirizine Trade and details?

A 
Zyrtec
piperazine 2nd gen
•	qday
•	Indicated for allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria
•	5 mg and 10 mg tablet 
•	5 mg and 10 mg chewable tablet
•	5 mg/5 mL syrup
•	Racemic
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13
Q

levocetirizine Trade and details?

A 
Xyzal piperazine 2nd generation
•	qday
•	Indicated for allergic rhinitis and CIU
•	Tablet
•	Oral solution
•	R isomer of cetirizine
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14
Q

2nd gen piperidine generics?

A

fexofenadine, loratadine, desloratadine

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15
Q

fexofenadine Trade?

A

Allegra
piperidine
2nd gen

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16
Q

loratadine Trade?

A

Claritin
piperidine
2nd gen

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17
Q

desloratadine Trade?

A

Clarinex, Clarinex RediTabs
piperidine 2nd gen
• qday
• Indicated for allergic rhinitis and CIU
• 5 mg tablet
• 2.5 mg/5 mL syrup
Also: Clarinex RediTabs: 2.5 mg and 5 mg ODT

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18
Q

2nd gen phthalazinones generics and Trades??

A

azelastine

Astelin, Astepro

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19
Q

azelastine class?

A

2nd gen phthalazinone

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20
Q

Zyrtec long lasting details?

A

Zyrtec D 12 hour - cetirizine pseudoephedrine
• BID
• Indicated for allergic rhinitis
• 5 mg/120 mg tablet

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21
Q

Allegra forms?

A 
Allegra allergy 12 hour
Allegra allergy 24 hour
Childrens's Allegra Allergy
Allegra D allergy 12 hour
Allegra D 24 hour
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22
Q

Allegra 12 hour details

A

fexofenadine
• BID
• Indicated for allergic rhinitis
• 60 mg tablet

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23
Q

Allegra 24 hour details?

A

fexofenadine
• qday
• Indicated for allergic rhinitis
• 180 mg tablet

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24
Q

Children’s Allegra details?

A 
fexofenadine
•	BID
•	Indicated for allergic rhinitis
•	30 mg tablet and ODT
•	30 mg/5 mL oral suspension
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25
Allegra D details?
``` fexofenadine, pseudoephedrine • Nasal decongestant • Indicated for allergic rhinitis 12 hour: • 60 mg/120 mg ER tablet BID 24 hour: • 180 mg/240 mg ER tablet qDay ```
26
azelastine Trades and details?
``` Astelin:• BID • 0.1% nasal spray • Indicated for allergic rhinitis Astepro:• BID • 0.15% nasal spray • Indicated for allergic rhinitis ```
27
Tussionex generic and details?
hydrocodone polistirex, chlorpheniramine polistirex • BID • Indicated for relief of cough and allergy • 10 mg/5 mL and 8 mg/5 mL oral suspension
28
pseudomembranous colitis DOC and bacteria
metronidazole | clostridium difficile
29
Natural penicillins?
penicillin G - parenteral | penicillin V - oral and parenteral
30
Aminopenicillins generics and details?
ampicillin - parenteral and oral (ES) | amoxicillin- oral (w/o regard to meals)
31
Penicillinase resistant generics?
dicloxacillin (oral) | nafcillin, oxacillin (parenteral)
32
penicillin G aqueous Trade?
Pfizerpen, penicillin G potassium | IM or IV
33
Pfizerpen generic?
penicillin G aqueous
34
penicillin G procaine details?
* Suspensions * Administered IM * Contain analgesics to decrease burning and increase DOA of penicillin G
35
penacillin G benzathine Trade and details?
Bicillin LA • Suspensions • Administered IM • Contain analgesics to decrease burning and increase DOA of penicillin G
36
Bicillin CR generics?
penicillin G procaine, penicillin G benzathine
37
Augmentin details?
amoxicillin, potassium clavulanate • Aminopenicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor o Beta-lactamases are a group of enzymes produced by certain bacteria that inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins • Indicated for bacterial infections - Potassium clavulanate broadens the spectrum of activity • Powder for oral suspension must be refrigerated
38
amoxicillin, potassium clavulanate Trade and dosing?
Augmentin - tablets • 250, 500 mg, 875 mg amoxicillin + 125 mg potassium clavulanate Augmentin XR - ER tablets • 1000 mg amoxicillin + 62.5 mg potassium clavulanate
39
Tetracyclines generics and counseling?
minocycline, doxycycline • Active against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms • Do not take with di- or trivalent cations because TCNs will chelate, may cause phototoxic reactions, and finish all medication
40
minocycline Trade?
Minocin | Tetracycline
41
doxycycline Trades?
Vibramycin, Doryx | can prevent traveler's diarrhea
42
rifaximin Trade?
Xifaxan non tetracycline FDA approved for traveler diarrhea
43
Xifaxan generic?
rifaximin not tetracyclie FDA approved for travelers diahhrea
44
Macrolide generics?
erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin
45
clarithromycin Trade?
Biaxin, Biaxin XL
46
Prevpac generics and details?
clarithromycin, lansoprazole, amoxicillin • Indicated for treatment of Helicobacter pylori → ulcers • clarithromycin: 500 mg tablet • lansoprazole (Prevacid): 30 mg capsule • amoxicillin: 500 mg capsule x 2 = 1 g daily • Dose/duration: (500 mg + 30 mg + 1 g) BID x 14 days
47
clarithromycin combo product?
Prevpac | clarithromycin, lansoprazole, amoxicillin
48
azithromycin Trades?
Zithromax, Z-Max, AzaSite
49
Zithromax details?
``` azithromycin • 250 mg tablet x 5 days: Z-Pak • 500 mg tablet x 3 days: Tri-Pak • 100 mg and 200 mg/5 mL oral suspension • 1 gram single dose packet: indicated for chlamydia; mix with 60 mL of water → consume within 12 hours on empty stomach ```
50
Z-Max details?
azithromycin • 2 g ER capsules • Take on an empty stomach
51
AzaSite details?
* 1% ophthalmic solution * Indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis * Needs to be refrigerated in the pharmacy
52
cephalosporins generation details?
• Higher the generation = increased gram-negative activity and increased efficacy against resistant organisms
53
First gen cephalosporins:
cefadroxil | Keflex cephalexin
54
Second gen cephalosporins
cefaclor Cefzil cefprozil Ceftin cefuroxime
55
Third gen cephalosporins:
cefdinir cefpodoxime Spectracef cefditoren Suprax cefixime
56
cefdinir details?
* Powder for oral suspension; do not refrigerate * Capsule * May cause red stool due to interaction with dietary iron (3rd gen)
57
Nitrofurantoin Trades?
Macrodantin Macrobid for UTI
58
Macrodantin generic and details?
``` nitrofurantoin macrocrystals • QID • qday: for long term suppressive therapy; take at bedtime • 50 and 100 mg capsules • Take with food ```
59
Macrobid generic and details?
nitrofurantoin macrocrystals + nitrofurantoin monohydrate • BID • 100 mg capsule • 75 mg monohydrate + 25 mg macrocrystals • Monohydrate reduces GI upset
60
Fluroquinolones class details?
-floxacin • Active against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms • BBW: increased risk of tendon rupture • Should be cautiously prescribed to patients with a seizure disorder
61
oral fluroquinolones generics?
``` ciprofloxacin norfloxacin ofloxacin levofloxacin moxifloxacin gemifloxacin ```
62
ciprofloxacin Trades and details?
Cipro - Tablet Cipro XR - ER tablets Cipro Oral Suspension - Microcapsules for oral suspension: do not use water to reconstitute -for patients +18 years old
63
norfloxacin Trade? oral
Noroxin
64
levofloxacin Trade? oral
Levaquin
65
moxifloxacin Trade? oral
Avelox
66
gemifloxacin Trade? oral
Factive
67
ophthalmic fluorquinolone trades?
``` gatifloxacin ofloxacin ciprofloxacin besifloxacin moxifloxacin all indicated for bacterial conjuntivitis ```
68
gatifloxacin Trade and details?
Zymaxid • Every 2 hours x 2 days, then QID on days 3-7 • Indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis
69
ofloxacin Trade?
Ocuflox
70
ciprofloxacin Trade? ophth
Ciloxan
71
besifloxacin Trade?
Besivance
72
moxifloxacin Trade and details?
Vigamox - TID | Moxeza - BID
73
otic fluroquinolones?
ofloxacin Cipro HC Otic ciprofloxacin, hydrocortisone Ciprodex ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone
74
Ciprodex details?
ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone BID otic suspension indicated for otic bacterial infections and inflammation
75
TobraDex generic and details?
``` tobramycin, dexamethasone • QID • TC: ophthalmic antibiotic • Ophthalmic suspension • Ophthalmic ointment • Indicated for ophthalmic bacterial infections and inflammation ```
76
tobramycin, dexamethasone Trade?
TobraDex | ophthalmic
77
Bactroban generic and details?
``` mupirocin • TID • 2% ointment, 2% cream • Indicated for impetigo – bacterial skin infection with vesicles and yellowish crusts • TC: topical antibiotic ```
78
mupirocin Trade?
Bactroban, Bactroban Nasal Ointment
79
Bactroban Nanal Ointment generic and details?
``` mupirocin • BID x 5 days • 2% ointment • Indicated for eradication of MRSA • Half of one tube applied into one nostril → remaining is applied in the other nostril ```
80
retapamulin Trade and details?
Altabax • BID • 1% ointment • Indicated for impetigo
81
Altabax generic?
retapamulin • BID • 1% ointment • Indicated for impetigo
82
Benzamycin generic and details?
``` benzoyl peroxide, erythromycin • BID • Gel Indicated for acne • Prior to dispensing: add 3 mL of ethyl alcohol to the erythromycin powder → mix with gel • Refrigerate • TC: Topical antiacne agent ```
83
benzoyl peroxide, erythromycin Trade?
Benzamycin | gel BID
84
BenzaClin generic and details?
``` benzyol peroxide, clindamycin • BID • Gel • Indicated for acne • Prior to dispensing: add 5 mL of SW to the clindamycin powder → mix with gel • Store at room temperature • TC: Topical antiacne agent ```
85
benzyol peroxide, clindamycin Trade?
BenzaClin | BID gel
86
MetroGel Vaginal generic and details?
metronidazole • Vaginal gel • Indicated for vaginal bacterial infections • TC: Vaginal antibiotic
87
metronidazole gel Trade?
MetroGel Vaginal
88
Triazole antifungal generics?
fluconazole itraconazole voriconazole posaconazole
89
fluconazole Trade and details?
Diflucan Triazole • Tablet • Powder for oral suspension: can be stored at RT for 14 days • Indicated for localized fungal infections: oral, esophageal, and vaginal candidiasis
90
itraconazole Trade and details?
Sporanox Triazole | ind: systemic fungal infections
91
voriconazole Trade and details?
Vfend Triazole • Tablet and Powder for oral suspension • Indicated for systemic fungal infections • Take on empty stomach
92
posaconazole Trade and details?
Noxafil Triazole • Ready to use oral suspension • Indicated for systemic fungal infections • Take with food
93
Lamisil generic and details?
terbinafine • NOT a triazole antifungal • Tablet and Cream • Indicated for onchomycosis, tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis
94
terbinafine Trade?
Lamisil
95
Imidazole antifungals
ketoconazole, miconazole
96
ketoconazole Trades and details?
imidazole Nizoral: • 2% cream: indicated for tinea pedia, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis • 200 mg tablet: indicated for systemic fungal infections Nizoral AD: • 2% shampoo • Indicated for treatment of dandruff
97
Antivirals generics?
``` acyclovir penciclovir valacyclovir famciclovir oseltamivir ```
98
acyclovir Trades and details?
Zovirax - tablet, capsule, ready to use oral susp (stable at RT) Ind: herpes zoster, varicella zoster, herpes labialis, genital herpes Zovirax Cream - herpes labialis Zovirax Ointment - herpes genitalis
99
penciclovir Trade and details?
Denavir Cream - herpes labialis
100
valacyclovir Trade and details?
Valtrex • 500 mg and 1 g tablet • Indicated for herpes zoster, varicella zoster, herpes labialis, and genital herpes • Herpes zoster: 1 g TID x 7 days • Varicella zoster: TID x 5 days • Herpes labialis: 2 g BID x 1 day • Initial genital herpes: 1 g TID x 7 days • Recurrent genital herpes: 500 mg BID x 3 days
101
famciclovir Trade and details?
Famvir • 125, 250, and 500 mg tablet • Indicated for herpes zoster, recurrent genital herpes, and herpes labialis • Herpes zoster: 500 mg TID x 7 days • Recurrent genital herpes treatment: 1 g BID x 1 day • Recurrent genital herpes suppressive therapy: 250 mg BID x ~1 year • Herpes labialis: 1500 mg single dose
102
oseltamivir Trade and details?
``` Tamiflu • BID • 30, 45, 75 mg capsule • 6 mg/mL powder for oral suspension: refrigerate and use10 days after reconstituted • +12 years old: 75 mg capsule • > 12 years old: based on weight • Take with food ```

Dispensing Exam 3 (4 decks)

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