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DT III Exam 2 > Antihistamines > Flashcards

Antihistamines Flashcards

1
Q

Histidine > Histamine {enzyme?}

A

HDC

Histidine decarboxylase

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2
Q

Histamine metabolites

A

N-methylhistamine (by Histamine N-methyltransferase)
N-methylimidazoleacetic acid (by MAO)
Imidazole acetic acid (by Diamine oxidase)

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3
Q

H1

A

Smooth muscle, Endothelium, Brain

Gq, IP3, DAG

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4
Q

H2

A

Gastric mucosa, cardiac muscle, mast cell, brain

Gs, cAMP

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5
Q

H1 action

A

Increase capillary permeability
Decrease lung airway
Increase sensory/ pain
Increase neurotransmitter release

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6
Q

H2 actions

A

Increase HR and contractility

Increase acid in stomach

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7
Q

Life saving drug for anaphylaxis

A

Epinephrine

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8
Q

1st generation H1 receptor antagonist

A

Chlorpheniramine
Diphendydramine
Hydroxyzine
Promethazine

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9
Q

2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist

A

Cetirizine
Loratadine
Fexofenadine

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10
Q

H1 receptor antagonist actions

A 
Decrease vasodilation
Decrease permeability
Increased HR
Reduce bronchoconstriction
Acid secretion unchanged (H2 does)
Puruirtis relief
Decrease flares
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11
Q

Strongest muscarinic blocking H1 antagonist

A

Promethazine (1st gen)

2nd gen has no effect

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12
Q

Drug for motion sickness

A

Promethazine

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13
Q

H1 antagonist ADR

A 
CNS stimulation 
CNS depression (1st gen)
Antimuscarinic (1st gene) {dry mouth, urinary retention}
GI side effects {anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation}
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14
Q

H1 antagonist use

A

Acute exudative allergy
Bronchial asthma
Systemic anaphylaxis {mostly Epinephrine}
Motion sickness (Promethazine)

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15
Q

H2 receptor antagonist

A

Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine

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16
Q

H2 receptor antagonist effect

A

Decrease gastric acid secretion

17
Q

H2 receptor antagonist ADR

A

Headache, GI, fatigue, drowsiness

CNS, cytopenia

18
Q

Cimetidine drug interaction

A

Cytochrome P450 inhibition

19
Q

H2 receptor antagonist use

A

Promote healing of GI ulcers

Prophylaxis of stress ulcers

20
Q

Chlopheniramine

A

1st generation H1 receptor antagonist

21
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

1st generation H1 receptor antagonist

22
Q

Hydroxyzine

A

1st generation H1 receptor antagonist

23
Q

Promethazine

A

1st generation H1 receptor antagonist

24
Q

Cetirizine

A

2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist

25
Q

Loratadine

A

2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist

26
Q

Fexofenadine

A

2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist

27
Q

Cimetidine

A

H2 receptor antagonist

28
Q

Ranitidine

A

H2 receptor antagonist

29
Q

Fatmotidine

A

H2 receptor antagonist

30
Q

Histamine precursor

A

Histidine

DT III Exam 2 (2 decks)

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