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Farmacología antimicrobianos > antifúngicos > Flashcards

antifúngicos Flashcards

1
Q

antimicoticos naturales

A

anfotericina, griseofulvina y equinocandinas

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2
Q

antimicoticos sinteticos

A

azoles, flucocitocina, terbinafina

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3
Q

mecanismo anfotericina

A

interfiere transportadores y permeabilidad de la membrana

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4
Q

interacciones anfotericina

A

se potencia con flucitosina

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5
Q

uso anfotericina

A

meningitis criptococica (+flucocitosina )

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6
Q

admin anfotericina

A

tópico, VO. Se le agrega cloururo de potasio para evitar hipocalcemia

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7
Q

distribucion anfotericina

A

alta unión a proteinas plasmaticas; se concentra en exudados y BHE; poca abs oral

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8
Q

RAM anfotericina

A

disminuyen con complejos lipidicos
toxicidad renal, hipocalcemia, tromboflebitis

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9
Q

mecanismo griseofulvina

A

interfiere mitosis por unirse a microtubulos del hongo

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10
Q

distribucion griseofulvina

A

se concentra en piel y queratina. Induce P450

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11
Q

admin griseofulvina

A

VO

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12
Q

contraindicaciones griseofulvina

A

NO embarazadas

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13
Q

ejem equinocandinas

A

caspofungina, anidulafungina, micafungina

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14
Q

mecanismo equinocandinas

A

inhibe sintesis de polimero de glucosa de la membrana del hongo

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15
Q

admin caspofungina

A

EV por mala abs oral

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16
Q

admin anidulafungina

A

EV

17
Q

RAM micafungina

A

hepatopatias graves

18
Q

ejemplos AZOLES

A

-zol: Clotrimazol, ketoconazol,miconazol, fluconazol, itraconazol

19
Q

mecanismo de accion azoles

A

inhiben formacion de ergosterol

20
Q

abs y distribucion ketoconazol

A

buena abs y distribución en tejidos. inhibe citocromo p450

21
Q

RAM ketoconazol

A

hepatotoxicidad, GI, inhibe sintesis e esteroides corticosuprarenales y testosterona en altas dosis

22
Q

interacciones ketoconazol

A

ciclosporina aumenta su concentracion por interferir metabolismo. Rifampicina, anti H2 y antiacidos reducen su abs

23
Q

uso fluconazol

A

meningitis micotica por buena concentracion en LCE y liquidos oculares

24
Q

distribución fluconazol

A

LCE, liquidos oculares, tejido vaginal, piel, saliva y uñas

25
Q

RAM fluconazol

A

hepatitis, pero menos que el keto

26
Q

RAM itraconazol

A

hepatotoxicidad, sd steven johnson, GI

27
Q

uso miconazol

A

en gel para micosis cutaneas, de mucosas u orales

28
Q

uso flucitosina

A

eficaz en levaduras

29
Q

mecaniso flucitosina

A

no permite metabolismo normal dl hongo

30
Q

admin y distribucion flucitosina

A

EV/VO, de rapida distribucion

31
Q

RAM flucitosina

A

anemia, neutropenia, trombocitopenia alopecia

32
Q

uso terbinafina

A

hongos patogenos cutaneos, infecciones ungueales

33
Q

admin y abs terbinafina

A

rapida abs VO, captada por piel, uñas y tejido adiposo. topico penetra piel y mucosas. la metaboliza CP450

Farmacología antimicrobianos (4 decks)

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