Antifungals/Virals Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
Oral candidiasis treatment
A
- nystatin or clotrimazole loxenges
3
Q
Topical antifungal agents
A
- used to treat vulvovaginal yeast infections
- topical miconazole and clotrimazole
- Fluconazole oral (systemic) x 1 dose
4
Q
Topical treatment of tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) or tinea corporis (ringworm)
A
- thin layer of terbinafine, miconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole
- use BID - wash hands well before and after use
5
Q
Topical herpes simplex treatment
A
- topical acyclovir (zovirax) , penciclovir (denavir, and OTC docosanol (Abreva)
- start as soon as possible
6
Q
Fluconazole Mechanism of Action and Indications
A
- interferes with fungal CYP 450 activity
- inhibits cell membrane formation
- broad spectrum
Indications: candidiasis (vaginal, oropharyngeal, esophageal)
7
Q
Fluconazole Adverse Effects
A
- hard on liver
- monitor hepatic function
- QT prolongation
- check EKG
- avoid in pregnancy
- CYP 3A4 and 2C9 inhibitor
8
Q
Itraconazole Mechanims of Action and indications
A
- interferes with fungal CYPE 450 activity
- inhibits cell membrane formation
- broad spectrum systemic treatment
Indications: onychomycosis (fungal infection of nail bed)
9
Q
Itraconazole cautions/CIs
A
- hard on liver
- QT prolongation
- avoid in pregnancy
- BBW: avoid in patients with HF/myocardial dysfunction
10
Q
Terbinafine/Ciclopirox (topical) Mechanism of Action and Indications
A
- synthetic allylamine derivative
- inhibits squalene eposidase enzyme, a key enzyme in sterol biosynthesis in fungi - results in fungal cell death - metabolized by CYP450
Indication: onychomycosis (1st line) - off label: extensive tinea fungal infection
11
Q
Terbinafine Adverse Effects
A
- arrhythmias (think QT)
- hepatic impairment
- avoid in pregnancy
12
Q
Terbinafine Adverse Drug Reactions
A
hepatotoxicity
hepatic failure
blood dyscrasias
13
Q
Antifungal (PO) Adverse Effects
A
QT prolongation
Torsades de pointes
