Antifungals Flashcards
Polyene class drugs ADRS, and examples
ADR-chills, fever, anemia, hypokalemia/magnesaemia
- amphotericin B (not absorbed PO)
- Nystatin (topical) candida infections
- natamycin (ophthalmic) blepharitis
Azole derivatives drugs ADRs, and examples
....for dermatophytes and yeast ADR-hepatotoxicity and GI -clotrimazole (used for tinea) -econazole -fluconazole -ketoconazole (gynecomastia) -itraconzaole -miconazole -posaconazole -voriconazole (visual disturbances)
allyamine class ADRs, and examples
ADR-liver toxicity
- terbinafine (fungal nail infection)
- naftifine
- butenifine
Echinocandin class ADR, and examples
IV ONLY ADR-hisamine like rxn -capsofungin -micafungin -anidulafungin
flucytosine ADR
ADR-bone marrow suppression, hepatic dysfunction
griseofulvin
used for dermatophytes, must take w/high fat foods
tolnaftate (tinactin)
topical dermatophytosis (tinea)
tavaborole solution
tx of onychomycosis of toenails
ciclopirox
hydroxypyridone antifungal acts by chelation of cations resulting in inhibition of metal dependent enzymes responsible for degradation of peroxides within fungal cell
Fungal infections are diivided into 3 main groups
Systemic mycoses
Subcutaneous mycoses
Superficial mycoses
systemic mycoses characteristics
Includes soft tissue infections, UTI, pneumonia, meningitis or septicemia
Causative pathogens include Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Candida, Coccidiodes, Cryptococcus and Histoplasma
seen in immunocompromised
subcutaneous mycoses characteristics
Caused by puncture wounds contaminated with soil fungi
Infx include chromomycosis, scedosporium and sporotrichosis
superficial mycoses characteristics
Infx of nails, skin and mucous membranes usually caused by dermatophytes or yeasts
Dermatophytes – Epidermophyton, Microsporum, Trichophyton. Dermatophyte infx include tinea
Yeasts – Candida albicans and non-albican species species
Candida infx include thrush, vaginal infx and diaper rash
Malassezia furfur infection – Tinea Versicolor. Primarily treated with selenium sulfide shampoo.
