antifungals Flashcards
2 types of fungal infections
Dermatomycoses (superficial)
Systemic mycoses (more severe)
blastomycosis
- type of systemic mycoses
- chronic coughing, skin lesions, weight loss, fever
fungistatic
inhibits growth of fungus
cryptococcus and histoplasmosis
type of blastomycosis
mycosis
diseases caused by fungus
dermatomyocosis
ringworm
- superficial fungal infection (skin, hair, nails)
fungicidal
kills fungus
antimycotic agent
destroys or prevents growth of fungi
local infection
in a specific area only
generalized infection
the same thing all over the body
systemic infection
in bloodstream - affect whole body
symptoms of nephrotoxicity
kidney failure, urinary issues
cause and tx of dermatomycosis
yeast infections, skin lesions;
- griseofulvin
- ketoconazole
- terbinafine
cause and tx of systemic mycoses
lung issues, skin lesions, fever, wt loss;
- itraconazole
- fluconazole
- amphotericin-B
ketoconazole
- used for fungal and yeast skin infections
- topical for dermatomycosis
miconazole
topical tx for dermatomycosis
thiabendazole
topical tx for dermatomycosis
griseofulvin
- used for fungal infection in the skin
- causes teratogen (birth defects) in cats
- dermatomycosis tx
terbinafine
- newer drug that is a cheaper alternative to Ketoconazole
- avoid in animals with hepatic disease
- dermatomycosis tx
itraconazole
- used for skin and systemic infections
- best anti-fungal for cats
- expensive
- treat for one-month past resolution of clinical signs
- should not be compounded
fluconazole
- cheaper alternative to Itraconazole but may not work as well
- safer for patients with liver disease
- systemic mycoses tx
amphotericin b
- used as last resort for systemic infections
- severe side effects including nephrotoxicity
- must be given IV or will cause tissue necrosis
- must be reconstituted
