Antifungal, Antiprotozoal, Antihelminth Flashcards

1
Q

amphotericin B

A

amphotericin B (Fungizone)

  • Therapeutic Class: antifungal (systemic type)
    • Ex: valley fever
  • Pharmacologic Class: Polyene
  • Indication: systemic fungal infection

Administration:

  • Route: IV
    • infuse slowly because CV collapse may result if infused too rapidly
    • inspect IV site frequently, phlebitis common
  • Common Infusion Reaction;
    • 1-2 hrs likely pt develop fever and chills
    • Pre-medicate: give acetaminophen or antihistamine prior to administration
  • Eval Labs

Assess/Monitor/ADR:

  • nephrotoxicity
    • monitor: I&O; urinating properly, appearance, volume,
    • draw BUN and creatinine 2-3x a week
    • 80% of pts nephrotoxicity….?
  • Electrolytes imbalances (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+)
    • calcium and magnesium levels 2x week
    • watch for s/s of HYPOkalemia
  • hepatotoxicity/liver failure
    • liver function 2-3x weekly
  • blood issues - thrombocytopenia, peukopenia, agranulocytosis, anemia
    • CBC weekly
  • ototoxicity - assess for s/s
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2
Q

chloroquine

A

Indications:

  • malaria -
    • mild-moderate chloroquine sensitive malaria
    • prevention of malaria
  • 2nd line for lupus and rheumatoid arthritis

Caution:

  • pregnancy -
  • liver disease -

Administration/Interaction:

  • do not give with antacids or laxatives - at least 4 hrs before or after
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3
Q

meTRONIdazole

A

Therapeutic Class: anti-infective, antiprotozoan

Pharmacologic Class: drug that disrpts nucleic acid synthesis

Uses:

  • Preferred drug for giardiasis, trichomoniasis
  • also has abx activity against anaerobic bacteria
  • other uses

Black Box Warning:

Contraindications:

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4
Q

blood cultures

A
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5
Q

antifungals

A

amophotericin B

  • systemic fungal infections

nystatin - yeast infections

  • oral - swish at least a coule minutes before swallowing
  • topically - typicaly BID

fluconazole (Diflucan)

  • PO, yeast infection, potential for fetal harm, watch for liver dmg
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6
Q

meBENDazole (vermox)

A
  • antihelminth
  • roundworm and pinworm infections
  • most effective when CHEWEd and taken with FATTY MEAL
  • GI: diarrhea, abd distension

Patient Teaching:

  • good hand hygiene
  • changing bed linens and towels daily
  • changing undergarments
  • watch for worms
  • feces
  • washing fruits and veggies and/or cooking them well; can carry worms
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7
Q

Antitubercular drugs:

isoniazid (INH)

rifampin

A

Antitubercular Drugs

  • extremely hepatotoxicity
  • absolutely no alcohol
  • assess pt and labs for liver damage
  • caution: older adults
  • monitor pt for fever, rash, facial swelling,
  • pt admitted - airborne isolation

isoniazid (INH)

  • inhibit synthesis of vitamin B6; a lot of pts need supplemental B6; any new numbness or tingling

hepatotoxic

  • if overdose

give pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

rifampin (Rifadin)

  • notify pt of orange-red body fluids
  • contact lens will cause permanent stains
  • gi distress, n/v/d
  • hepatotoxic
  • decreases effectiveness of oral contraception
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