Antifungal, Antiprotozoal, Antihelminth Flashcards
1
Q
amphotericin B
A
amphotericin B (Fungizone)
-
Therapeutic Class: antifungal (systemic type)
- Ex: valley fever
- Pharmacologic Class: Polyene
- Indication: systemic fungal infection
Administration:
-
Route: IV
- infuse slowly because CV collapse may result if infused too rapidly
- inspect IV site frequently, phlebitis common
-
Common Infusion Reaction;
- 1-2 hrs likely pt develop fever and chills
- Pre-medicate: give acetaminophen or antihistamine prior to administration
- Eval Labs
Assess/Monitor/ADR:
-
nephrotoxicity
- monitor: I&O; urinating properly, appearance, volume,
- draw BUN and creatinine 2-3x a week
- 80% of pts nephrotoxicity….?
-
Electrolytes imbalances (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+)
- calcium and magnesium levels 2x week
- watch for s/s of HYPOkalemia
- hepatotoxicity/liver failure
- liver function 2-3x weekly
-
blood issues - thrombocytopenia, peukopenia, agranulocytosis, anemia
- CBC weekly
- ototoxicity - assess for s/s
2
Q
chloroquine
A
Indications:
-
malaria -
- mild-moderate chloroquine sensitive malaria
- prevention of malaria
- 2nd line for lupus and rheumatoid arthritis
Caution:
- pregnancy -
- liver disease -
Administration/Interaction:
- do not give with antacids or laxatives - at least 4 hrs before or after
3
Q
meTRONIdazole
A
Therapeutic Class: anti-infective, antiprotozoan
Pharmacologic Class: drug that disrpts nucleic acid synthesis
Uses:
- Preferred drug for giardiasis, trichomoniasis
- also has abx activity against anaerobic bacteria
- other uses
Black Box Warning:
Contraindications:
4
Q
blood cultures
A
5
Q
antifungals
A
amophotericin B
- systemic fungal infections
nystatin - yeast infections
- oral - swish at least a coule minutes before swallowing
- topically - typicaly BID
fluconazole (Diflucan)
- PO, yeast infection, potential for fetal harm, watch for liver dmg
6
Q
meBENDazole (vermox)
A
- antihelminth
- roundworm and pinworm infections
- most effective when CHEWEd and taken with FATTY MEAL
- GI: diarrhea, abd distension
Patient Teaching:
- good hand hygiene
- changing bed linens and towels daily
- changing undergarments
- watch for worms
- feces
- washing fruits and veggies and/or cooking them well; can carry worms
7
Q
Antitubercular drugs:
isoniazid (INH)
rifampin
A
Antitubercular Drugs
- extremely hepatotoxicity
- absolutely no alcohol
- assess pt and labs for liver damage
- caution: older adults
- monitor pt for fever, rash, facial swelling,
- pt admitted - airborne isolation
isoniazid (INH)
- inhibit synthesis of vitamin B6; a lot of pts need supplemental B6; any new numbness or tingling
hepatotoxic
- if overdose
give pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
rifampin (Rifadin)
- notify pt of orange-red body fluids
- contact lens will cause permanent stains
- gi distress, n/v/d
- hepatotoxic
- decreases effectiveness of oral contraception