Antiepileptic Drugs Flashcards
What is a Barbiturate?
Anti epileptic and sedative hypnotic
What is Phenobarbitone used for?
Phenobarbitone is a long-acting barbiturate.
Define Deoxybarbiturate.
A type of barbiturate with a modified chemical structure.
Deoxybarbiturates are less commonly used than traditional barbiturates.
What is Primidone?
An anticonvulsant drug that is metabolized into phenobarbital.
Primidone is deoxybarbiturate
List two examples of Hydantoin.
- Phenytoin
- Fosphenytoin
What is Phenytoin primarily used for?
To control seizures.
Phenytoin is effective in treating tonic-clonic seizures.
What does Fosphenytoin convert into in the body?
Phenytoin.
Fosphenytoin is a prodrug of phenytoin.
What is Iminostilbene?
A class of anticonvulsant drugs, including carbamazepine.
Iminostilbenes are used for epilepsy and bipolar disorder.
Name two examples of iminostilbene
- Oxcarbazepine
- Carbamazepine itself
Carbamazepine is used to control seizures and mood disorders.
What is Succinimide?
A class of anticonvulsant drugs used to treat absence seizures.
Ethosuximide is a common example of a succinimide.
What is the primary use of Ethosuximide?
To treat absence seizures.
Ethosuximide is particularly effective for this type of seizure.
List types of Benzodiazepines.
- Clonazepam
- Diazepam
- Lorazepam
- Clobazam
What is Clobazam used for?
It is used as an anticonvulsant.
Clobazam is a benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant properties.
What is Valproate sodium also known as?
Valproic acid.
Valproate is used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder.
What is Divalproex?
A formulation of valproic acid used to treat seizures and mood disorders.
Divalproex provides a delayed-release form of valproic acid.
What is Lamotrigine primarily used for?
To treat seizures and bipolar disorder.
Lamotrigine is recognized for its mood-stabilizing effects.
Name two newer anticonvulsant drugs.
- Topiramate
- Zonisamide
Newer drugs have different mechanisms and side effect profiles compared to older drugs.
What is Levetiracetam used for?
To treat seizures in epilepsy.
Levetiracetam is known for its safety and efficacy.
What is Vigabatrin used for?
To treat epilepsy, particularly in patients with refractory seizures.
Vigabatrin is an irreversible inhibitor of GABA transaminase.
What is Tiagabine’s mechanism of action?
Inhibits the reuptake of GABA.
Tiagabine is used for partial seizures.
What class do Gabapentin and Pregabalin belong to?
Cyclic GABA analogues.
These drugs are used for neuropathic pain and seizures.
New drugs
Topiramate
Zonisamide
Levetiracetam
Vigabatrin
Tiagabine
Lacosamide
Phenyl tri azine
Lamo tri gine
Anti epileptic
Barbiturates
Deoxybarbiturate
Hydantoin
Iminostilbene
Succinide
Aliphatic carboxylic acid
BZD
Phenyl tri axine
Cyclic GABA ANALOGUE
Newer drugs
