Antidiuretic Hormone Disorder

Question 1

Diabetes insipidus:

Answer 1

Excess Dilute urine - extreme thirst - not enough vasopressin being released

Question 2

Normal

Answer 2

Hypothalamus produces vasopressin (ADH)- stored in the pituitary gland

Question 3

ADH..

Answer 3

ADH released when water in the body becomes tooooo low
ADH retains water in the body by reducing the amount of water that is lost through the kidneys = more concentrated urine

Question 4

Diabetes insipidus is caused by,

Answer 4

reduced production of ADH = Kidneys do not retain as much water - too much water passed from the body - causing extreme thirst and polyuria

Question 5

More dilute Urine =

Answer 5

Thirst

Question 6

Two types of ADH mutants

Answer 6

• Pituitary - cranial: Lack of vasopressin (ADH) production (most common type)
  
  • Treatment- vasopressin and desmopressin

Question 7

Nephrogenis(Partial)

Answer 7

• Kidneys do not respond to ADH
  
  • Treatment: thiazide diuretic - paradoxical effect
  • Treating in a way to give complete opposite of what wed expect it to do

Question 8

Desmopressin is more potent than… and can causeeeeeee (2)

Answer 8

• More potent and a longer duration of action than vasopressin
  
  • No vasoconstriction effect
  • Side effects: Hyponatraemia,nausea

Question 9

In appropriate ADH secretion-
What happens when we have too much ADH???

Answer 9

Increased ADG - body stores too much water - dilutes the salt concentration in the blood= hyponatraemia

Question 10

Treatment - for increased ADH-demeclocycline or tolvaptan - BUT NEVER USE IT TO CORRECT WHHAT????

Answer 10

1)fluid restriction
2) Demeclocycline (blocks renal tubular effect of ADH)
3) Tolvaptan(vasopressin antagonist)

Avoid rapid correction of hyponatraemia with tolvaptan
Causes osmotic demyelination - serious neurological events