Antidiabetic Drugs

Question 1

How many types of Diabetes

Answer 1

2

Question 2

What is insulin?

Answer 2

• Hormone secreted by the beta cells of Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas in response to increased levels of glucose in the blood
• Stimulates carbohydrate metabolism by facilitating transport of glucose into skeletal, cardiac muscle and adipose tissue

Question 3

General info on Type 1 diabetes

Answer 3

-Primary Defect is the Destruction of Pancreatic
Beta Cells
-Lack of insulin production or production of
defective insulin
-Affected patients need exogenous insulin
-Onset usually in childhood
-Fewer than 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1

Question 4

General info on Type 2 diabetes

Answer 4

• Most common type: 90% of all cases
• Caused by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance
• Many tissues are resistant to insulin
  
  • Reduced number of insulin receptors
  • Insulin receptors less responsive
• Several comorbid conditions
  
  • Obesity
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Hypertension

Question 5

What is gestational diabetes

Answer 5

Hyperglycemia that develops during pregnancy

Question 6

How is gestational diabetes treated

Answer 6

With dietary changes

Question 7

Other general info on gestational diabetes

Answer 7

If necessary, Insulin can be given
Usually subsides after delivery
30% of patients may develop Type 2 DM within 10 to 15 years