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psychiatry > Antidepressants > Flashcards

Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

What type of antidepressant is imipramine?

A

Tricyclic

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2
Q

Name 6 common side effects of tricyclic antidepressants

A
  1. Drowsiness
  2. Dry mouth
  3. Blurred vision
  4. Constipation
  5. Urinary retention
  6. Lengthening of QT interval

Antimuscarinic side effects

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3
Q

Which 2 drug groups increase the risk of serotonin syndrome if taken with SSRIs?

A
  1. Triptans
  2. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
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4
Q

Which antidepressant is preferred in children and adolescents?

A

Fluoxetine

Still use with caution

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5
Q

Which antidepressants are preferred in elderly people?

A

Citalopram or sertraline

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6
Q

Which SSRI is most associated with elongating QT interval?

A

Citalopram

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7
Q

How long should SSRI be trialled for?

A

At least 4-6 weeks to see the effects.

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8
Q

After SSRI prescription is commenced, how long until a review should take place?

A

2 weeks

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9
Q

How long should an SSRI be taken for in total?

A

At least 6 months.

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10
Q

Which SSRI is most suitable after having a myocardial infarction?

A

Sertraline

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11
Q

Can SSRIs be taken in pregnancy?

A

All SSRIs have some teratogenicity. Particularly the case with paroxetine in the first trimester.

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12
Q

If paroxetine is taken in the first trimester, what can the teratogenic effects be?

A

Congenital malformations - avoid.

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13
Q

In which circumstances may clozapine be prescribed?

A

Only after trial periods of adequate dose and adequate duration of a 1st generation antipsychotic AND a 2nd generation antipsychotic have proven to be insufficient in treating psychotic symptoms.

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14
Q

Which blood disorder can occur as an adverse effect of clozapine?

A

Agranulocytosis

When absolute neutrophil count is <100 per microlitre of blood

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15
Q

How often is FBC monitoring required for those taking clozapine?

A
  1. Weekly monitoring for 18 weeks
  2. Then, fortnightly monitoring for 1 year
  3. Then, monthly monitoring from then onwards
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16
Q

What threshold is lowered by clozapine?

A

Seizure threshold

17
Q

What lifestyle factor may mean clozapine dose needs changing?

A

If the person stops or starts smoking

18
Q

What type of antipsychotic is olanzapine?

A

Atypical antipsychotic

19
Q

Which atypical antipsychotic is most likely to produce weight gain and others metabolic side effects?

A

Olanzapine

20
Q

What drugs and substances can cause serotonin syndrome?

A
  1. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  2. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
  3. Ecstasy
  4. Amphetamines
  5. St John’s Wort
21
Q

What is the antidote for serotonin syndrome?

A

IV cyproheptadine

22
Q

What are the features of serotonin syndrome?

A
  1. Confusion
  2. Restlessness
  3. Tremor
  4. Myoclonus
  5. Diaphoresis
  6. Convulsions
  7. Mydriasis
  8. Hyperreflexia

psychiatry (9 decks)

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