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Summer 1 > Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics, & Antiplatelets > Flashcards

Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics, & Antiplatelets Flashcards

1
Q

Platelet membrane receptors include….

A

Glycoprotein (GP) Ia receptor, binding to collagen (C)

GP Ib binding von Willebrand factor

GP IIb/IIIa binding fibrinogen & other macromolecules

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2
Q

During thrombus formation, what is released from the endothelium?

What is released form the degranulating platelet?

A

Antiplatelet prostacyclin (PGI2)

Aggregating substances - adenosine, diphosphate, thromboxane A2, & serotonin (5-HT)

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3
Q

What is the common synonym for component/factor II?

A

Prothrombin

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4
Q

What is the common synonym for component/factor VII?

A

Proconvertin

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5
Q

What is the common synonym for component/factor IX?

A

Plasma thromboplastin component (PTC)

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6
Q

What is the common synonym for component/factor X?

A

Stuart-Prower factor

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7
Q

What is the MOA of heparin & LMWH?

A

antithrombin w/ inactivation of factor Xa

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8
Q

What is the MOA of fondaparinux?

A

Indirect factor Xa inhibitor

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9
Q

What is the MOA of rivaroxaban, apixaban, & edoxaban?

A

Direct factor Xa inhibitors

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10
Q

What is the MOA of dabigatran, bivalirudein, desirudin, & argatroban?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors

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11
Q

In patients w/ DVT or PE & no CA, what initial anticoagulant therapy is suggested?

A

Dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban

These are preferred over vit K antagonist therapy

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12
Q

What is the prototype of LMWH?

A

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

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13
Q

What are the advantages of LMWH (when compared to UFH)?

A

Predictable anticoagulation dose response

Lower incidence of thrombocytopenia

Reduced need for lab monitoring

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14
Q

What is a disadvantage of both LMWH & UFH?

A

Bleeding risk: ecchymosis at administration site

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15
Q

What is the 1/2 life of factor VII?

A

4-6 hrs

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16
Q

What do you do if INR is btwn 5-10?

A

Hold 1-2 doses

Check INR within 24 hrs

Resume lower dose when INR is within range

17
Q

What do you do if INR is > 10?

A

Administer oral vit K 2.5-5mg

Hold 2 doses

Check INR within 24 hrs

Repeat vit K prn & resume lower dose when INR is in range

18
Q

How do you convert from enoxaparin to warfarin?

A

Warfarin must be on board for 5 days & INR score must be within goal range for at least 24 hrs before discontinuing enoxaparin

19
Q

What are ADEs of heparin?

A

Bleeding, obvi
Thrombocytopenia
Osteoporosis
Elevated transaminases

20
Q

How do you reverse heparin?

A

Protamine sulfate IV (salmon sperm)

21
Q

What increases & decreases the effect of warfarin?

A

Cytochrome P450 inducing drugs decrease effect

Cytochrome P450 inhibitions increase effect

Summer 1 (16 decks)

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